Muscles and ligaments Flashcards
Puborectalis
Points of attachment
- Body of pubis anteriorly
- Fibers of opposite side posterior to rectum
Pubococcygeus
Points of attachment
- Body of pubis and obturator fascia anteriorly
- Coccyx and anococcygeal ligament posteriorly
Iliococcygeus
Points of attachment
- Ischial spine and tendinous arch of pelvic fasical laterally
- Coccyx and anococcygeal ligament posteriorly
Coccygeus
Points of attachment
- Ishcial spine and sacrospinous ligament laterally
- Coccyx and S5 vertebra medially
Obturator internus
Points of attachment
- Pelvic surfaces of ilium and ischium; obturator membrane
- Greater trochanter of femur
Piriformis
Points of attachment
- Pelvic surface of 2nd -4th sacral segments; superior margin of greater sciatic notch and sacrotuberous ligament
- Greater trochanter of femur
Iliopsoas
Psoas major
- T12-L5 vertebral bodies, intervertebral discs between them and TVP of L1-L5
- Lesser trochanter of femur
Psoas minor
- Sides of T12 & L1 vertebrae and intervertebral disc
- Pectineal lines, iliopectineal eminence via iliopubic arch ligament
Iliacus
- Iliac crest, iliac fossa, ala of sacrum, anterior sacroiliac ligament and capsule of hip joint
- Tendon of psoas major and body of femur, inferior to lesser trochanter
Tensor fasciae latae (TFL)
Attachment points
- ASIS, anterior part of external lip of iliac crest
- anterolateral aspect of lateral tibial condyle via iliotibial tract
Quadriceps femoris
Rectus femoris
-AIIS and groove superior to acetabulum
Vastus lateralis
-Greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera of femur
Vastus medialis
-Intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera of femur
Vasuts intermedius
-Ant. and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur
All attach to the base of patella and via patellar lig. to tibial tuberosity
Sartorius
Attachment points
- ASIS
- Superior part of medial surface of tibia
Gluteus maximus
Attachment points
- External surface of ala of ilium, including iliac crest, dorsal surface of sacrum and cocyx and sacrotuberous ligament
- Most fibers end in iliotibial tract which inserts into lateral condyle of tibia; some fibers insert on gluteal tuberosity of femur
Gluteus medius
Attachment points
- External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
- Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur
Gluteus minimus
Attachment points
- External surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteeal lines
- Anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur
Superior gemellus
Attachment points
- Ischial spine
- Trochanteric fossa
Inferior gemellus
Attachment points
- Ischial tuberosity
- Trochanteric fossa
Quadratus femoris
Attachment points
- Lateral border of ischial tuberosity
- Quadrate tubercle and intertrochanteric crest of femur
Semitendinosus
Attachment points
- Ischial tuberosity
- Medial surface of superior part of tibia
Semimembranous
Attachment points
- Ischial tuberosity
- Posterior part of medial condyle of tibia
Biceps femoris
Long head
- Ischial tuberosity
Short head
-Lateral lip of distal half of linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line
Both attach to lateral side of head of fibula
Pectineus
Attachment points
- Pecten pubis
- Pectineal line of femur
Adductor longus
Attachment points
- Body of pubis, inferior to pubic crest
- Middle third of linea aspera of femur
Adductor brevis
Attachment points
- Body and inferior ramus of pubis
- Pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera of femur
Adductor magnus
Attachment points
- Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium (adductor part) and ischial tuberosity
- Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera medial supracondylar line (adductor part) and adductor tubercle of femur (hamstring part)
Gracilis
Attachment points
- Body and inferior ramus of pubis
- Superior part of medial surface of tibia
Obturator externus
Attachment points
- Margins of obturator foramen and external surface of obturator membrane
- Trochanteric fossa of femur
Tibialis anterior
Attachment points
- Lateral condyle and superior half of lateral surface or tibia
- Medial and inferior surfaces of medial cuneiform bone and base of 1st metatarsal bone
Extensor hallucis longus
Attachment points
- Middle part of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
- Dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of 1st digit
Extensor digitorum longus
Attachment points
- Lateral condyle of tibia, superior 3/4 of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
- Middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits via extensor expansions
Fibularis (Peroneus) tertius
Attachment points
- Inferior third of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
- Dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal bone
Fibularis (Peroneus) longus
Attachment points
- Head and superior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula
- Base of 1st metatarsal bone and medial cuneiform bone
Fibularis (Peroneus) brevis
Attachment points
- Inferior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula
- Dorsal surface of tuberosity of 5th metatarsal bone
Gastrocnemius
Lateral head
-lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur
Medial head
-popliteal surface of femur, superior to medial condyle
Posterior surface of tuberosity of calcaneus via tendo calcaneus
Soleus
Attachment points
- Posterior aspect of head of fibula, superior 1/4th of posterior surface of fibula, soleal line and medial border of tibia
- Posterior surfaceof tuberosity of calcaneus via tendo calcaneus
Plantaris
Attachment points
- Inferior end of lateral supracondular line of femur and oblique popliteal ligament
- Medial side of tendo calcaneus
Popliteus
Attachment points
- Lateral epicondyle of femur and lateral meniscus
- Posterior surface of tibia, superior to soleal line
Flexor hallucis longus
Attachment points
- Inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula and inferior part of interosseous membrane
- Base of distal phalanx of 1st digit (hallux)
Flexor digitorum longus
Attachment points
- Meidal part of posterior surface of tibia, inferior to soleal line and by a broad aponeurosis to fibula
- Base of distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits
Tibialis posterior
Attachment points
- Interosseus membrane posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line and posterior surface of fibula
- Tuberosity of navicular, cuneiform and cuboid bones, and bases of 2-4th metatarsal bones
Tranversus abdominis
Attachment points
- Internal surfaces of 7th to 12th costal cartiliages, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and lateral third of inguinal ligament
- linea alba with aponeurosis of internal oblique, pubic crest and pecten pubis via conjoint tendon
Rectus abdominis
Attachment points
- Xiphoid process, costal cartilages of ribs 5-7
- Pubic symphysis and pubic crest
Quadratus lumborum
Attachment points
- Medial half of inferior border of 12th rib and tips of lumbar TVP
- Iliolumbar ligament and int. lip of iliac crest
Splenius capitis
Attachment points
- Mastoid process
- SPs C7-T3/T4
Splenius cervicis
Attachment points
- SPs of T3/T4 - T6
- TVP of C1 - C3
Semispinalis
capitis, cervicis, thoracis
Attachment points
- TVP C3- T10, articular processes of C4-C6
- SP from C2 - T4, occipital bone between sup. and inf. nuchal line
Iliocostalis
cervicis, thoracis, lumborum
Attachment points
- Angles of all ribs, TVP C4-C7
- Sacrum, iliac crest (medial part), ribs 3-12
Longissimus
capitis, cervicis, thoracis
Attachment points
- Sacrum, TVP L5-C7, TVP and articular processes of C6-C4
- Mastoid process, angles of all ribs, TVPs C2-T12
Spinalis
capitis, cervicis, thoracis
Attachment points
- occipital bone, SPs C2-C3/C4, SPs C6/C7- T8/T9
- SPs of T11-L2/L3, ligamentum nuchae and SPs of C7-T2, TVP C2-C6/7, articular processes of C4-C6
Levator scapulae
Attachment points
- TVPs C1-C4
- Superior part of medial border of scapula
Latissimus dorsi
Attachment points
- SPs T7, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inferior 3-4 ribs
- floor of intratubercular groove of humerus
Trapezius
Attachment points
- medial 1/3 superior nuchal line; external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament; SP C7-T12
- lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
Rhomboid minor
Attachment points
- SPs of C7-T1, nuchal line
- Medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle
Rhomboid major
Attachment points
- SPs of T1-T5
- Medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle
Levatores costarum
Attachment points
- TVP of C7 and T1-T11
- Between tubercle and angle of inferior rib
Longus capitis
Attachment points
- basilar part of occiput
- anterior tubercles of TVP C3-C6
Longus colli
Superior:
- tubercles on ant arch of C1-C2
- ant tubercles of TVP C3-C5
Vertical:
- bodies of C2-C4
- bodies of C5-T3
Inferior:
- TVP C5-C6
- bodies of T1-T3
