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Muscles and Fascia of Hand Flashcards

0
Q

numbering of metacarpals and phalanges

A

1 to 5, beginning with the thumb and ending with little finger

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1
Q

skeleton of the hand

A

carpals in the wrist, metacarpals in the hand proper, phalanges in the fingers

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2
Q

palmar aspect of hand features central concavity that separates two eminences

A

lateral, more prominent thenar eminence at the base of the thumb
medial, smaller, hypothenar eminence proximal to the base of the 5th finger

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3
Q

fascia of palm

A

continuous with antebrachial fascia and fascia of dorsum of hand
thin over thenar and hypothenar eminences, but thivk centrally where it forms fibrous palmar aponeurosis and in the fingers where it forms the digital sheaths

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4
Q

palmar aponeurosis

A

strong, well defined part of deep fascia of palm
covers soft tissues and overlies long flexor tendons
poximal end or apex: continuous with the flexor retinaculum and the palmaris longus tendon
distal to apex: forms four longitudinal digital bands that radiate from the apex and attach distally to the bases of the proximal phalanges, where they become continuous with the fibrous digital sheaths

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5
Q

fibrous digital sheaths

A

ligamentous tubes that enclose flexor tendons and synovial sheaths that surround them as they pass along the palmar aspect of their respective digit

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6
Q

medial fibrous septum

A

extends deeply from medial border of palmar aponeurosis to the 5th metacarpal

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7
Q

hypothenar compartment

A

medial to septum

contains hypothenar muscles

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8
Q

lateral fibrous septum

A

extends deeply from the lateral border of the palmar aponeurosis to the 3rd metacarpal

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9
Q

thenar compartment

A

lateral to lateral fibrous septum

contains thenar muscles

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10
Q

central compartment

A

between hypothenar and thenar compartments

contains flexor tendons and their sheaths, lumbrical muscles, superficial arterial arch and digital vessels and nerves

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11
Q

adductor compartment

A

deepest muscular plane of the palm

contains adductor pollicis

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12
Q

two potential spaces

A

between flexor tends and fascia covering deep palmar muscles
thenar space and midpalmar space
bounded by fibrous septa passing from edges of palmar aponeurosis to metacarpals
between two spaces is lateral fibrous septum, attached to 3rd metacarpal
midpalmar space continuous with anterior compartment of forearm via carpal tunnel

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13
Q

five compartments of intrinsic muscles of hand

A 
thenar compartment
hypothenar compartment
adductor compartment
central compartment
interosseous compartments
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14
Q

muscles in thenar compartment

A

thenar muscles

abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis

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15
Q

muscles in hypothenar compartment

A

hypothenar muscles
abductor digiti minimi
flexor digiti minimi brevis
opponens digiti minimi

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16
Q

muscle in adductor compartment

A

adductor pollicis

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17
Q

central compartment contents

A

lumbricals: short muscles of hand

with long flexor tendons

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18
Q

interosseous compartments

A

contain interossei in separate ones between the metacarpals

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19
Q

thenar muscles chiefly responsible for

A

opposition of thumb

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20
Q

freedom of movement of thumb results from

A

1st metacarpal being independent

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21
Q

abduction of thumb

A

APL and abductor pollicis brevis

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22
Q

adduction of thumb

A

adductor pollicis and 1st dorsal interosseous

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23
Q

extension of thumb

A

EPL, EPB and APL

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24
flexion of thumb
FPL and flexor pollicis brevis
25
opposition of thumb
opponens pollicis
26
opposition occurs at
carpometacarpal joint of thumb begins with thumb in extended position and initially involves abduction and medial rotation of1st metacarpal: opponens pollicis and then flexion at metacarpophalangeal joint reinforcing action of AD and FPL increases pressure
27
palmarisbrevis in hypothenar einence
small muscle in subcutaneous issue wrinkles the skin, deepeing the hollow of the palm, thereby aiding the palmar grip covers and protects the ulnar nerve and artery attached proximally to the medial border of the palmar aponeurosis and to the skin on the medial border of the hand
28
short muscles of hand
four slender lubrical muscles four dorsal interosseous: DAB three palmar interosseous: on palmar surfaces of 2nd 4th and 5th metacarpals: PAD
29
opponens policis origin
flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
30
opponens pollicis insertion
lateral side of 1st metacarpal
31
opponnens pollicis innervation
recurrent branch of median nerve | C8, T1
32
opponens pollicis action
to oppose thumb, it draws 1st metacarpal medially to center of palm and rotates it medially
33
abductor pollicis brevis origin
flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
34
abductor pollicis brevis insertion
lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
35
abductor pollicis brevis innervation
recurrent branch of media nerve | C8, T1
36
abductor pollicis brevis action
abducts thumb, helps oppose it
37
flexor pollicis brevis origin
flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
38
flexor policis brevis insertion
lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
39
flexor pollicis brevis innervation
superficial head: recurrent branch of median nerve C8, T1 deep head: deep branch of ulnar nerve C8, T1
40
flexor pollicis brevis action
flexes thumb
41
adductor policis origin
oblique head: bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, capitate, adjacent carpals transverse head: anterior surface of shaft of 3rd metacarpal
42
adductor pollicis insertion
medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
43
adductor pollicis innervation
deep branch of ulnar nerve | C8, T1
44
adductor pollicis action
adducts thumb toward lateral border of palm
45
abductor digiti minimi origin
pisiform
46
abductor digiti minim insertion
medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th finger
47
abductor digiti minimi innervation
deep branch of ulnar nerve c8, T1
48
abductor digiti minimi action
abducts 5th finger, assists in flexion of its proximal phalanx
49
flexor digiti minimi brevis origin
hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
50
flexor digiti minimi brevis insertion
medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th finger
51
flexor digiti minimi brevis innervation
deep branch of ulnar nerve | C8, T1
52
flexor digiti minimi brevis action
flexes proximal phalanx of 5th finger
53
opponens digiti minimi origin
hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
54
opponens digiti minimi insertion
medial border of 5th metacarpal
55
opponens digiti minimi innervation
deep branch of ulnar nerve | C8, T1
56
opponens digiti minimi action
draws 5th metacarpal anterior and rotates it, bringing 5th finger into opposition with thumb
57
lumbricals origin
1 and 2: lateral two tendons of flexor digitorum profundus (as unipennate muscles) 3 and 4: medial three tendons of flexor digitorum profundus (as bipennate muscles)
58
lumbricals insertion
lateral sides of extensor expansions of 2nd-5th fingers
59
lumbricals innervation
1 and 2: median nerve (C8, T1) | 3 and 4: deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
60
lumbricals action
flex metacarpophalangeal joints | extend interphalangeal joints of 2nd to 5th fingers
61
dorsal interossei 1-4 origin
adjacent sides of two metacarpals (as bipennate muscles)
62
dorsal interossei insertion
bases of proximal phalanges | extensor expansions of 2nd to 4th fingers
63
dorsal interossei innervation
deep branch of ulnar nerve: C8, T1
64
dorsal interossei action
abduct 2nd to 4th fingers from axial line | act with lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joints and etending interphalangeal joints
65
palmar interossei 1-3 origin
palmar surfaces of 2nd, 4th and 5th metacarpals (as unipennate muscles)
66
palmar interossei insertion
bases of proximal phalanges; extensor expansions of 2nd, 4th and 5th fingers
67
palmar interossei innervation
deep branch of ulnar nerve C8, T1
68
palmar interossei action
adduct 2nd, 4th and 5th fingers toward axial line | assist lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joints and extending interphalangeal joints

Gross (31 decks)

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