Muscles: Actions Flashcards
Latissimus Dorsi
Extends, adducts, medially rotates humerus
Raises torso towards arms during climbing
Trapezius
Elevation/upward rotation of scapula
Retracts scapula
Depression/upward rotation of scapula
Rhomboid Major
Retract, elevate, rotate scapula downward
Fix scapula to thoracic wall
Rhomboid Minor
Retract, elevate, rotate scapula downward
Fix scapula to thoracic wall
Levator Scapulae
Elevates scapula
Tilts glenoid fossa inferiorly by rotating scapula
Serratus Posterior Superior
Elevates ribs
Serratus Posterior Inferior
Depress ribs
Splenius
Bilaterally: extend head & neck
Unilaterally: laterally flex neck/rotate head
Iliocostalis
Bilaterally: extend vertebral column, head
Unilaterally: laterally flex vertebral column
Longissimus
Bilaterally: extend vertebral column, head
Unilaterally: laterally flex vertebral column
Spinals
Bilaterally: extend vertebral column, head
Unilaterally: laterally flex vertebral column
Semispinalis
Extend head, thoracic, cervical regions
Rotate them contralaterally
Multifidus
Stabilize vertebrae during localized movement of vertebral column
Rotatores
Extend head, thoracic, cervical regions
Rotate them contralaterally
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor
Extension of head
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
extension/ipsilateral rotation of head
Obliquus Capitis Inferior
Ipsilateral rotation of head
Obliquus Capitis Superior
Extension/ipsilateral rotation of head
Pectoralis Major
adduct/medially rotate humerus
Draw scapula anterior/inferior
Clavicular portion flexes humerus
Sternal portion extends humerus when flexed
Pectoralis Minor
Stabilize scapula by pulling anterior/inferior against posterior thoracic wall
Subclavius
Anchor and depress clavicle
Serratus Anterior
Protract/rotate/hold scapula against thorax
Deltoid
Flex/medially rotate, abduct, extend, & laterally rotate humerus
Teres Major
Adducts/medially rotates humerus
Supraspinatus
Abduction of humerus/stabilize shoulder joint
Subscapularis
Medially rotate/adduct humerus
Hold humeral head in place
Infraspinatus
Laterally rotate humerus, help hold humeral head in place
Teres Minor
Laterally rotate humerus, help hold humeral head in place
Biceps brachii
Supinate forearm
Flex forearm when supine
Resist shoulder dislocation
Coracobrachialis
Flex/adduct arm at shoulder
Resist shoulder dislocation
Brachialis
Flex forearm at elbow
Triceps Brachii
Extend forearm at elbow
Resist dislocation of shoulder
Anconeus
Extension of forearm/stabilize elbow
Abducts ulna during pronation
Pronator Teres
Pronates/flexes forearm at elbow
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Flexes/abducts (radially deviates) hand at wrist
Palmaris Longus
Flexes hand at wrist
Tenses palmar aponeurosis
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Flexes/adducts (ulnarly deviates) hand at wrist
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
Flexes middle phalanges at proximal interphalangeal joint
Flexes proximal phalanges at metacarpophalangeal joints
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Flexes distal phalanges at interphalangeal joints
Flexor Pollicis Longus
Flexes thumb
Pronator Quadratus
Pronates forearm, binds radius/ulna together
Brachioradialis
Flexes forearm when pronated
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
Extend/abduct hand at wrist
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
Extend/abducts hand at wrist
Extensor Digitorum
Extends medial 4 fingers at metacarpophalangeal joints
somewhat at interphalangeal joints
Extensor Digit Minimi
Extends 5th finger at metacarphophalangeal and interphalangeal joints
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Extends/adducts hand at wrist
Supinator
Supinates forearm
Extensor Indicis
Independent extension of 2nd finger & extension of wrist
Abductor Pollicis Longus
Abducts thumb/extends it at carpometacarpal joint
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
Extends proximal phalanx of thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint & extends carpometacarpal joint
Extensor Pollicis Longus
Extends distal phalanx of thumb at interphalangeal joint & extends the metacarpophalangeal/carpometacarpal joints
Abductor Pollicis Brevis
Abduct thumb, aid in opposition
Flexor Pollicis Brevis
Flexes thumb
Opponens Pollicis
Oppose thumb/medially rotate 1st metacarpal
Adductor Pollicis
Adducts thumb toward lateral border of palm
Flexor Digit Minimi
Abducts 5th digit, aids in flexion of 5th proximal phalanx
Abductor Digiti Minimi
Flexes proximal phalanx of digit 5
Opponens Digiti Minimi
Brings 5th metacarpal anterior & rotates it to bring it into opposition with thumb
Palmer Interossei
Adduct 2nd, 4th, & 5th fingers toward axial line
Dorsal Interossei
Abduct 2nd, 3rd, & 4th fingers toward axial line