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ANAT LP1 > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Pectoralis major - Origin

A

1) medial 1/3 of clavicle
2) manubrium and body of sternum at midline
3) costal cartilages of ribs 1-6
4) aponeurosis of external oblique

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2
Q

Pectoralis major - insertion

A

Humerus- lateral lip of intertubercular groove to the crest of the greater tubercle

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3
Q

Pectoralis major - Action

A

1) addicts the arm at the shoulder
2) medial rotation of the arm at the shoulder
3) clavicular portion: flexes the arm at the shoulder (if already extended)
4) sternocostal portion: extends the arm at the shoulder (if already flexed

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4
Q

Pectoralis minor - Origin

A

Outer surface of ribs 3-5

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5
Q

Pectoralis minor - insertion

A

Coracoid process of the scapula

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6
Q

Pectoralis minor - action

A

1) depression and lateral rotation of the scapula
2) protracts the scapula if already retracted
3) elevates ribs in forced inspiration

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7
Q

Serratus anterior - origin

A

Individual slips from the outer surface of ribs 1-8

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8
Q

Serratus anterior - insertion

A

Anterior (costal) surface of vertebral border of the scapula

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9
Q

Serratus anterior -action

A

1) protracts the scapula
2) stabilizes the scapula
3) assists in upward rotation of scapula

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10
Q

Deltoid (deltoideus) - origin

A

1) anterior portion (clavicular) -distal, antero-lateral 1/3 of clavicle
2) lateral portion (acromial) - lateral border of the acromion process of scapula
3) posterior portion (spinous) - spine of scapula

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11
Q

Deltoid (deltoideus) - insertion

A

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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12
Q

Deltoid (deltoideus) - action

A

1) abducts the arm at the shoulder (co-contraction of all portions)
2) flexion and medial rotation of the arm at the shoulder (anterior portion)
3) extension and lateral rotation of the arm at the shoulder (posterior portion)

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13
Q

Subclavius - origin

A

Costochondral junction of rib 1

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14
Q

Subclavius - insertion

A

Inferior surface of clavicle

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15
Q

Subclavius -action

A

Depresses and stabilizes clavicle

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16
Q

Subscapularis - origin

A

Subscapular fossa of scapula

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17
Q

Subscapularis - insertion

A

Lesser tubercle of humerus

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18
Q

Subscapularis - action

A

1) medial rotation of the arm at the shoulder

2) stabilizes the glenohumeral joint

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19
Q

Coracobrachialis - origin

A

Coracoid process of the scapula

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20
Q

Coracobrachialis - insertion

A

Medial shaft of the humerus at the mid-diaphysis

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21
Q

Coracobrachialis - action

A

Weakly adducts the arm at the shoulder

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22
Q

Biceps brachii - origin

A

1) long head: supraglenoid tubercle and glenohumeral labrum

2) short head: tip of the coracoid process of the scapula

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23
Q

Biceps brachii - insertion

A

1) radial tuberosity

2) bicipital aponeurosis on medial forearm

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24
Q

Biceps brachii - action

A

1) supinate the forearm (if already prone) -prime mover of this action
2) flexes the forearm at the elbow (if already supine)
3) weakly flexes arm at shoulder

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25
Q

Brachialis - origin

A

Distal 1/2 of anterior humerus

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26
Q

Brachialis - insertion

A

1) ulnar tuberosity

2) coronoid process of ulna

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27
Q

Brachialis - action

A

Flexes the forearm at the elbow - prime mover of this action

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28
Q

Pronator teres - origin

A

1) humeral head:
a) upper portion of medial epicondyle of humerus via the common flexor tendon
b) medial supracondylar ridge of humerus
2) ulnar head: coronoid process of ulna

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29
Q

Pronator teres - insertion

A

Lateral side of the radius near mid-diaphysis

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30
Q

Pronator teres - action

A

1) pronates the forearm

2) weakly flexes the forearm at the elbow

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31
Q

Flexor carpi radialis - origin

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus via the common flexor tendon

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32
Q

Flexor carpi radialis - insertion

A

Base of the second and third metacarpals

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33
Q

Flexor carpi radialis - action

A

1) flexes the hand at the wrist

2) deviates the hand towards the radial side at the wrist

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34
Q

Palmaris longus- origin

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus via the common flexor tendon

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35
Q

Palmaris longus- insertion

A

1) central portion of the flexor retinaculum

2) superficial portion of the palmar aponeurosis

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36
Q

Palmaris longus- action

A

Flexes hand at wrist

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37
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris- origin

A

1) humeral head- medial epicondyle via the common flexor tendon
2) ulnar head:
a) medial aspect of olecranon
b) proximal 3/5 of posterior ulnar shaft

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38
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris- insertion

A

1) pisiform
2) hook of hamate
3) base of 5th metacarpal

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39
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris- action

A

1) flexes hand at wrist

2) deviates the hand towards the ulnar side at the wrist

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40
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis- origin

A

1) humero-ulnar head:
a) medial epicondyle of humerus via the common flexor tendon
b) medial border of base of coronoid process of ulna
2) radial head- proximal anterior shaft of radius

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41
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis- insertion

A

Both sides of the base of each middle phalanx of digits 2-5

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42
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis- action

A

1) flexes the proximal and middle phalanges of digits 2-5

2) flexes the wrist if fingers are extended

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43
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus - origin

A

1) antero-medial medial surface of proximal 3/4 ulna

2) adjacent interosseous membrane

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44
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus - insertion

A

Distal phalanx of digits 2-5 (through flexor digitorum superficialis tunnel)

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45
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus - action

A

1) directly flexes the distal interphalangeal joints of digits 2-5
2) indirectly flexes the proximal and middle interphalangeal joint of digits 2-5
3) flexes the wrist if fingers are extended

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46
Q

Flexor pollicis longus - origin

A

1) middle anterior surface of radius
2) adjacent interosseous membrane
3) medial epicondyle of humerus

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47
Q

Flexor pollicis longus - insertion

A

Palmar aspect of base of distal phalanx of the thumb (deep to flexor retinaculum)

48
Q

Flexor pollicis longus - action

A

1) directly flexes the distal phalanx of the thumb (interphalangeal joint)
2) indirectly flexes intervening joints (metacarpo-phalangeal, carpo-metacarpal, and weakly at the wrist)

49
Q

Pronator quadratus - origin

A

Distal 1/4 of antero-medial surface of ulna

50
Q

Pronator quadratus - insertion

A

Distal 1/4 of antero-lateral surface of radius

51
Q

Pronator quadratus - action

A

Pronates the forearm and hand

52
Q

Trapezius - origin

A

1) external occipital protuberance
2) along the medial sides of the superior unchallenged line
3) ligamentum nuchae (surrounding the cervical spinous process)
4) spinous processes of C1-T12

53
Q

Trapezius - insertion

A

1) superior portion - postero-lateral 1/3 of clavicle
2) middle portion - acromion process of scapula
3) inferior portion - superior margin of spine of scapula

54
Q

Trapezius - action

A

1) Elevates the scapula
2) upward rotation of the scapula (upper fibers)
3) downward rotation of the scapular (lower fibers)

55
Q

Latissimus dorsi - origin

A

1) spinous process of T7-L5
2) posterior surface of S1-S3
3) Iliac crest
4) ribs 9/10-12

56
Q

Latissimus dorsi - insertion

A

Lateral lip of the intertubercular groove of humerus

57
Q

Latissimus dorsi - action

A

1) adducts the arm at the shoulder
2) medial rotation of the arm at the shoulder
3) extends the arm at the shoulder (if already flexed)
4) downward rotation of the scapula

58
Q

Rhomboideus (rhomboid) minor - origin

A

1) spinous processes of C7 and T1
2) ligamentum nuchae
3) supraspinous ligament

59
Q

Rhomboideus (rhomboid) minor - insertion

A

Vertebral border of the scapula

60
Q

Rhomboideus (rhomboid) minor - action

A

Retracts the scapula

61
Q

Rhomboideus (rhomboid) major - origin

A

1) spinous process T2-T5

2) supraspinous ligament

62
Q

Rhomboideus (rhomboid) major - insertion

A

Vertebral border of the scapula from the spine to the inferior angle

63
Q

Rhomboideus (rhomboid) major - action

A

Retracts the scapula

64
Q

Levator scapulae - origin

A

Transverse processes of C1-C3/C4

65
Q

Levator scapulae - insertion

A

Superior angle of scapula

66
Q

Levator scapulae - action

A

1) elevates the scapula
2) extends the neck
3) lateral flexion of the neck

67
Q

Supraspinatus - origin

A

Supraspinous fossa of the scapula

68
Q

Supraspinatus - insertion

A

Superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus

69
Q

Supraspinatus - action

A

1) abducts the arm at the shoulder (15-20o)

2) stabilizes the glenohumeral joint

70
Q

Infraspinatus - origin

A

Infraspinous fossa of the scapula

71
Q

Infraspinatus - insertion

A

Middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus

72
Q

Infraspinatus - action

A

1) lateral rotation of the arm at the shoulder

2) stabilizes the glenohumeral joint

73
Q

Teres minor - origin

A

Axillary border of the scapula, superior to the teres major

74
Q

Teres minor - insertion

A

Inferior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus

75
Q

Teres minor - action

A

1) lateral rotation of the arm at the shoulder

2) stabilizes the glenohumeral joint

76
Q

Teres major - origin

A

Posterior part of the inferior angle of the scapula

77
Q

Teres major - insertion

A

Medial lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus (just medial to the insertion of latissimus dorsi)

78
Q

Teres major - action

A

1) adducts the humerus
2) medial rotation of the arm at the shoulder
3) extends the arm at the shoulder (if already flexed)

79
Q

Triceps brachii - origin

A

1) long head: infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
2) lateral head: upper half of the posterior surface of the shaft of the humerus
3) medial head: posterior shaft of humerus, distal to radial groove (deep to the long and lateral heads)

80
Q

Triceps brachii - insertion

A

Posterior surface of the olecranon process of the ulna, via tendon common to the 3 heads

81
Q

Triceps brachii - action

A

1) long: adducts the arm, extends the arm at the shoulder
2) lateral: extends the forearm at the elbow
3) medial: extends the forearm at the elbow

82
Q

Anconeus - origin

A

Posterior surface of the lateral epicondyle of the humerus

83
Q

Anconeus - insertion

A

Lateral surface of olecranon extending to the lateral part of the ulna

84
Q

Anconeus - action

A

1) extends the forearm at the elbow

2) supports the elbow when in full extension

85
Q

Supinator - origin

A

1) lateral epicondyle of humerus
2) supination crest of ulna
3) radial collateral ligament
4) annular ligament

86
Q

Supinator - insertion

A

Proximal portion of antero-lateral surface of the radius

87
Q

Supinator - action

A

Supinates the forearm

88
Q

Brachioradialis - origin

A

Upper 2/3 of the lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus (b/w triceps and brachial is muscles)

89
Q

Brachioradialis - insertion

A

Base of styloid process of radius

90
Q

Brachioradialis - action

A

Flexes the forearm at the elbow

91
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus - origin

A

Lower lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

92
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus - insertion

A

Base of second metacarpal

93
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus - action

A

1) extend hand at wrist

2) deviates the hand towards the radial side at the wrist (abduction)

94
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis - origin

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus via the common extensor tendon

95
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis - insertion

A

Base of 3rd metacarpal

96
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis - action

A

1) extends the hand at wrist

2) deviates the hand towards the radial side at the wrist (abduction)

97
Q

Extensor digitorum communis - origin

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus via the common extensor tendon

98
Q

Extensor digitorum communis - insertion

A

1) base of middle phalanx of digits 2-5 (central band)

2) base is distal phalanx of digits 2-5 (2 lateral bands)

99
Q

Extensor digitorum communis - action

A

1) extends digits 2-5

2) extends the wrist if fingers are already flexed

100
Q

Extensor digiti minimi - origin

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus via the common extensor tendon

101
Q

Extensor digiti minimi - insertion

A

Dorsum of proximal phalanx of digit 5

102
Q

Extensor digiti minimi - action

A

Extends digit 5

103
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris - origin

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus via the common extensor tendon

104
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris - insertion

A

Medial side of base of the 5th metacarpal

105
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris - action

A

1) extends the hand at the wrist

2) deviates the hand toward the ulnar side at the wrist (adduction)

106
Q

Abductor pollicis longus - origin

A

1) posterior surfaces of ulna and radius

2) adjacent interosseous membrane

107
Q

Abductor pollicis longus - insertion

A

Lateral side of base of first metacarpal

108
Q

Abductor pollicis longus - action

A

1) abducts the first metacarpal
2) extends the thumb
3) lateral rotation of the thumb
4) deviates the hand towards the radial side at the wrist (abduction)

109
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis - origin

A

1) posterior surface of radius

2) adjacent interosseous membrane

110
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis - insertion

A

Base of proximal phalanx of thumb

111
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis - action

A

1) extends the proximal phalanx and 1st metacarpal of the thumb
2) deviates the hand towards the radial side at the wrist (abduction)

112
Q

Extensor pollicis longus - origin

A

1) posterior surface of ulna

2) adjacent interosseous membrane

113
Q

Extensor pollicis longus - insertion

A

Distal phalanx of thumb

114
Q

Extensor pollicis longus - action

A

1) Extends distal phalanx of thumb
2) extends proximal phalanx of thumb
3) extends the hand at the wrist (if fingers already flexed)

115
Q

Extensor indicis - origin

A

1) posterior surface of ulna
2) interosseous membrane
3) antebrachial fascia

116
Q

Extensor indicis - insertion

A

Base of middle and distal phalanges of digit 2

117
Q

Extensor indicis - action

A

1) extends digit 2

2) stabilizes metacarpo-phalangeal joint if flexing only at the inter-phalangeal joint

ANAT LP1 (17 decks)

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