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NDBE Part 1: Anatomical Sciences > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Suprahyoid m

A

genio, digastric, mylo, stylo

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2
Q

Infrahyoid m

A

sterno, thyro, sternothryoid, omrohyoid

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3
Q

head flexor m

A

SCM, scalenes

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4
Q

head extensor m

A

trap, splenius capitis

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5
Q

depress hyoid

A

omohyoid, sternohyoid, thyrohyoid

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6
Q

depress larynx

A

omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothryoid, thyrohyoid

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7
Q

raise hyoid

A

digastic, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, stylohyoid

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8
Q

open pharynx

A

geniohyoid

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9
Q

what m. attach to median raphae?

A

mylohyoid

pharyngeal constrictors

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10
Q

what n/a innervates thyrohyoid m?

A

superior laryngeal a

internal laryngeal n

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11
Q

what nerve splits the superior and middle pharyngeal constrictors?

A

CN IX

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12
Q

What CN supply the neck?

A

CN IX, X, XI, XII

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13
Q

What muscle of mastication is not supplied by V3?

A

buccinator (CN VII)

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14
Q

OINA: Levator veli palatini

A

OI: base/medial of auditory tube to palette aponeurosis
N: CN X
A: elevate palate

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15
Q

OINA: Tensor veli palatini

A

OI: lateral pt of auditory tube, scaphoid, pterygoid fossa, hamulus to aponeurosis
N: CN V3
A: tense palate, open auditory tube

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16
Q

OINA: palatopharygneaus

A

OI: palatal aponeurosis to lateral wall of pharynx
N: CN X
A: depress palate, elevate pharynx

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17
Q

OINA: palatoglossus

A

OI: palatal aponeurosis to dorsum/lateral pt of tongue
N: CN X
A: depress palate, elevate tongue

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18
Q

OINA: muculus uvulae

A

OI: post. nasal spine of soft palate
N: CN X
A: raise uvula

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19
Q

Superior pharyngeal constrictor

A 
pterygoig humans
pterygomandibular raphe
mandible (mylohyoid line)
pharyngeal tubercle 
median raphae
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20
Q

Middle pharyngeal constrictor

A

hyoid bone to median raphae

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21
Q

Inferior pharyngeal constrictor

A

thyroid and cricoid catilage to median raphae

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22
Q

what m works to equalize auditory tube pressure?

A

salpinopharyngeous

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23
Q

What m. goes between the sup/middle constrictors?

A

stylopharyngeus

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24
Q

Damage to the tongue m. would cause what type of deviation?

A

ipsilateral

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25
Q

What are the intrinsic tongue m?

A

superior longitundinal
inferior longitudinal
vertical
transverse

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26
Q

Action: superior longitundinal tongue m

A

curl tongue superiorly, shortens

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27
Q

Action: inferior longitundinal tongue m

A

curl tongue inferiorly, shortens

28
Q

Action: vertical tongue m.

A

flatten tongue

29
Q

Action: transverse tongue m.

A

narrow tongue

30
Q

which part of the genioglossus does not attach to the body of the tongue?

A

inferior fibers (attaches to hyoid)

31
Q

Action: superior genioglossus

A

retract tip of tongue

32
Q

Action: middle genioglossus

A

depress dorsal of tongue, protrude tongue

33
Q

Action: inferior genioglossus

A

protrude tongue, advance hyoid

34
Q

Action: hypoglossus

A

retrude tongue, draw sides down, raise hyoid

35
Q

Action: styloglossus

A

elevate tongue, depress palate for swallowing

36
Q

Action: hyoglossus

A

retrude tongue, draw sides down, raise hyoid

37
Q

What is the only tongue m. not innervated by CN XII?

A

palatoglossus (CN X) = anterior pillar

38
Q

What is the only cartilage/m of the larynx not innervated by the recurrent laryngeal n?

A

circothyroid = external (superior) laryngeal n

39
Q

OINA: tensor tympani

A

OI: pharyngotympanic tube to malleus
N: V3
A: pulls malleus medially

40
Q

OINA: stapedus

A

OI: pyramidal process on post. stapes
N: VII
A: decrease vibrations

41
Q

Opening of mandible

A

L. pterygoid
suprahyoid
infrahyoid

42
Q

Closing of mandible

A

Temporalis
masseter
M. pterygoid

43
Q

Protrusion

A

M & L pterygoid

44
Q

Retrusion

A

Temporalis

Deep masseter

45
Q

Excursion

A

Ipsilateral masseter
Temporalis
Contralateral M & L pterygoid

46
Q

What m form a sling around the mandible?

A

masseter

m. pterygoid

47
Q

What is medial (deep) to the hyoglossus m?

A

lingual a

48
Q

What is lateral to the hyoglossus m?

A

lingual v
lingual n
submandibular duct
hypoglossal n

49
Q

Unilateral damage of the pharyngeal plexus will cause what sort of muscular deviation?

A

contralateral deviation of the uvula

50
Q

What a runs between the genioglossus and hyoglossus m

A

lingual a

51
Q

What part of m. cell shorten during contraction?

A

xxxxx

52
Q

What part of the m. cell do not change length during contraction?

A

xxxx

53
Q

What m types are striated?

A

skeletal

cardiac

54
Q

What does the m. spindle sense?

A

length

55
Q

What does the golgi tendon organ sense?

A

tension

56
Q

The stretch reflex is mediated by what fibers?

A

1a (contraction)

57
Q

The golgi tendon reflex is mediated by what fibers?

A

1B (relaxation)

58
Q

The flexor-withdrawl reflex is mediated by what fibers?

A 
II
III
IV 
ipsilateral flexion
contralateral extension
59
Q

What n. stimulate m. spindles

A

gamma

60
Q

What n. stimulate skeletal m?

A

alpha

61
Q

What motor neuron innervates extrafusal fibers?

A

alpha

62
Q

What motor neurons innervate intrafusal fibers?

A

gamma

63
Q

nuclear bag fibers are innervated by what n?

A

1a - fast changes

64
Q

nuclear chain fibers are innervated by what n?

A

II, Ia - static changes

65
Q

what m. hold condyles in most superior and anterior position?

A

massester

m. pterygoid

66
Q

What causes smooth m relaxation

A

adenosine

67
Q

what structure is not in smooth m but is in skeletal m

A

troponin

NDBE Part 1: Anatomical Sciences (16 decks)

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