Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Gross Anatomy Exam 3 > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Insertion of anterior scalene

A

Anterior scalene tubercle of 1st rib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Innervation of anterior/middle/posterior scalene muscles

A

Direct branches of cervical and brachial plexus (C3-C6)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Action of scalene muscles

A

With ribs mobile: Raise upper ribs (inspiration)
With ribs fixed:
-bilateral: flex neck
-unilateral: ipsilateral lateral flexion of cervical spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Origin of middle scalene

A

Posterior tubercles of transverse process C3-C7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Insertion of middle scalene

A

1st rib (posterior to groove for subclavian artery)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Origin of posterior scalene

A

posterior tubercles of transverse processes C5-C7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Insertion of posterior scalene

A

Outer surface of 2nd rib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Origin/Insertion of external intercostal muscles

A

Lower margin of rib (superior) to upper margin of next inferior rib

(fibers run obliquely forward and downward from costal tubercles to chondroosseus junction)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Origin/insertion of internal intercostal muscles

A
  • Lower margin of superior rib to upper margin of inferior rib
  • Fibers run obliquely forward and upward from costal angle to sternum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Action of external intercostal muscle

A
  • Raise ribs (inspiration)
  • Stabilize intercostal space
  • Support chest wall
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Action of internal intercostal muscle

A
  • Lower ribs (expiration)
  • Stabilize intercostal space
  • Support chest wall
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Origin of innermost intercostal muscles

A

Lower margin of upper rib to upper margin of next lower rib

fibers run obliquely forward and upward from costal angle to sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Innervation of intercostal muscles (external, internal, innermost internal)

A

1st to 11th intercostal nerves

T1-T11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Origin/Insertion/Innervation/Action of subcostal muscle

A

O/I-Lower margin of lower rib to inner surface of 2-3 ribs below
Innerv - adjacent intercostal nerves
Action - lower ribs (expiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Origin of transversus thoracis muscle

A

Sternum and xiphoid process (inner surface)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Insertion of transversus thoracis

A

2nd-6th ribs (costal cartilages and inner surface)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Innervation of transverus thoracis muscle

A

2nd-6th intercostal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Action of transversus thoracis

A

Weakly Lower ribs (expiration)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Origin of diaphragm

A
  • 7th -12th ribs (inner surface)
  • L1 to L3 vertebral bodies, IV disks
  • posterior surface xiphoid process
  • anterior longitudinal ligament (as right and left crura)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Insertion of diaphragm

A

Central tendon of diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Innervation of diaphragm

A

Phrenic nerve (C3,C4,C5) - most motor and sensory

*Subcostal and lower intercostal nerves supply sensory innervation to periphery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Origin of anterior scalene

A

Anterior tubercles of transverse process of C3-C6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Origin of rectus abdominis

A

Lateral head - From pubic crest to pubic tubercle

Medial head - anterior region of pubic symphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Insertion of rectus abdominis

A
  • Costal cartilages of ribs 5-7

- Xiphoid process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Innervation of rectus abdominis

A

Intercostal nerves (T5-T12)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Action of rectus abdominis

A
  • Flex trunk
  • Compress abdomen
  • Stabilize pelvis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Origin of external oblique

A

5th-12th ribs (outer surface)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

insertion of external oblique

A
  • Linea alba
  • pubic tubercle
  • Iliac crest
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Innervation of external oblique

A

Intercostal nerves T7-T12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Action of external oblique

A 
Unilateral:
-ipsilateral lateral flexion of trunk
-contralateral rotation of trunk
Bilateral:
-flex trunk, compress abdomen, stabilize pelvis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Origin of internal oblique

A
  • Thoracolumbar fascia (deep)
  • Iliac crest
  • Anterior superior iliac spine
  • Iliopsoas fascia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Insertion of internal oblique

A
  • Linea alba,

- 10th -12th ribs (lower borders)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Innervation of internal oblique

A
  • Intercostal nerves (T1-T11)
  • Iliohypogastric nerve
  • Ilioinguinal nerve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Action of internal oblique

A 
Unilateral:
-Ipsilateral lateral flexion of trunk
-Ipsilateral rotation of trunk 
Bilateral:
-Flex trunk, compress abdomen, stabilize pelvis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Origin of transversus abdominis

A
  • Thoracolumbar fascia (deep)
  • Iliopsoas fascia
  • Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
  • Iliac crest
  • 7th-12th costal cartilages
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Insertion of transversus abdominis

A
  • Linea alba

- Pubic crest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Innervation of transversus abdominis

A
  • Intercostal nerves (T7-T12)
  • Iliohypogastric nerve (of lumbar plexus)
  • Ilioinguinal nerve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Action of transversus abdominis

A

Unilateral: ipsilateral rotation of trunk
Bilateral: compresses abdomen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Origin of psoas major

A 
Superficial: 
-T12-L4 vertebral bodies
-Associated IV discs
Deep: 
L1-L5 (transverse processes)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Insertion of psoas major

A
  • Femur (lesser trochanter)

- Joint insertion as illiopsoas muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Innervation of psoas major

A

Direct branches from lumbar plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Muscles of the pelvic diaphragm

A

Levator ani, coccygeus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Origin of coccygeus

A

Sacrum (inferior end)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Insertion of coccygeus

A

Ischial Spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Innervation of coccygeus

A

Direct branches of sacral plexus (S4-S5)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Action of coccygeus

A

Supports pelvic viscera; flexes coccyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Pelvic Wall muscles

A

Piriformis, Obturator internus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Origin of piriformis

A

Sacrum (Pelvic surface)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Insertion of piriformis

A

Femur (apex of greater trochanter)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Innervation of piriformis

A

Direct branches of sacral plexus (S1-S2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Action of piriformis

A

Hip joint: external rotation, stabilization, abduction of flexed hip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Origin of obturator internus

A

Obturator membrane and bony boundaries of obturator foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Insertion of obturator internus

A

Femur (Medial surface of greater trochanter)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Innervation of obturator internus

A

Direct branches of sacral plexus (L5-S1)

55
Q

Action of obturator internus

A

Hip joint: external rotation, Abduction of flexed hip

56
Q

Origin of superficial transverse perineal

A

Ischial ramus

57
Q

Insertion of superficial transverse perineal

A

Perineal body

58
Q

Innervation of superficial transverse perineal

A

Pudendal nerve (S2-S4)

59
Q

Action of superficial transverse perineal

A
  • Hold pelvic organs in place

- Close urethra

60
Q

Origin/Insertionof Bulbospongious

A

Runs anteriorly from perineal body to clitoris (females) or Penile raphe (males)

61
Q

Innervation of bulbospongiosus

A

Pudendal nerve (S2-S4)

62
Q

Action of bulbospongiosus

A

Females - compress greater vestibular gland

Males - assist in erection

63
Q

Origin of ischocavernosus

A

Ischial ramus

64
Q

Insertion of ischiocavernosus

A

Crus of clitoris or penis

65
Q

Innervation of ischiocavernosus

A

Pudendal nerve (S2-S4)

66
Q

Action of ischiocavernosus

A

Maintains erection by filling corpus cavernosum of penis or clitoris with blood

67
Q

Origin/Insertion of external anal sphincter

A

Encircles anus (Runs posteriorly from perineal body to anococcygeal ligament)

68
Q

Innervation of external anal sphincter

A

Pudendal nerve (S2-S4)

69
Q

Action of external anal sphincter

A

Closes anus

70
Q

Origin of Levator Ani

A

Body of pubis, Ischial spine, Tendinous arch of levator ani, Sacrum (inferior end)

70
Q

Insertion of levator ani

A

Anus, Anococcygeal ligament, Perineal body, Rectum, Walls of vagina and prostate, Coccyx

70
Q

Action of levator ani

A

Support pelvic viscera and decrease intraabdominal pressure

70
Q

Innervation of levator ani

A

Nerve to levator ani (S4), Inferior anal nerve

70
Q

Origin of SCM

A

Manubrium of sternum, medial 1/3 clavicle

70
Q

Insertion of SCM

A

Mastoid process of temporal bone, lateral superior nuchal line

70
Q

Innervation of SCM

A

Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI), Branches of cervical plexus C2-C3

70
Q

Action of SCM

A

Unilateral - ipsilateral lateral flexion of head, contralteral rotation
Bilateral - extends head

71
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

A

Digastric, Stylohyoid, Mylohyoid, Geniohyoid

72
Q

Origin of anterior belly of digastric

A

Mandible (Digastric fossa)

73
Q

Insertion of anterior belly of digastric

A

Hyoid bone

74
Q

Innervation of anterior belly of digastric

A

Mylohyoid nerve (Branch of CN V3)

75
Q

Action of anterior belly of digastric

A

Elevates hyoid bone (swallowing)

76
Q

Origin of posterior belly of digastric

A

Mastoid notch of temporal bone

77
Q

Insertion of posterior belly of digastric

A

Hyoid bone

78
Q

Innervation of posterior belly of digastric

A

Facial nerve (CN VII)

79
Q

Action of posterior belly of digastric

A

Elevate hyoid bone (swallowing)

80
Q

Stylohyoid

A

Styloid process of temporal bone

81
Q

Insertion of stylohyoid

A

Hyoid bone

82
Q

Innervation of stylohyoid

A

Facial nerve (CN VII)

83
Q

Action of stylohyoid

A

Elevate the hyoid bone (swallowing)

84
Q

Origin of mylohyoid

A

Mylohyoid line of mandible

85
Q

Insertion of mylohyoid

A

Hyoid bone

86
Q

Innervation of mylohyoid

A

Mylohyoid nerve (branch CN V3)

87
Q

Action of mylohyoid

A

Draw the hyoid bone forward for swallowing

Open mandible and move it side to side - mastication

88
Q

Origin of geniohyoid

89
Q

Insertion of geniohyoid

A

Hyoid bone

90
Q

Innervation of geniohyoid

A

Anterior ramus of C1 via hypoglossal nerve

91
Q

Action of geniohyoid

A

Draw hyoid bone forward for swallowing

92
Q

Origin of Omohyoid

A

Superior border of scapula

93
Q

Insertion of omohyoid

A

Hyoid bone

94
Q

Innervation of omohyoid

A

Ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)

95
Q

Action of omohyoid

A

Depress the hyoid bone (swallowing)

Draw larynx and hyoid down

96
Q

Origin of sternohyoid

A

Manubrium of sternum and the SC joint

97
Q

Insertion of sternohyoid

A

Hyoid bone

98
Q

Innervation of sternohyoid

A

Ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)

99
Q

Action of sternohyoid

A

Depress hyoid bone and larynx for swallowing

100
Q

Origin of sternothyroid

A

Manubrium of sternum

101
Q

Insertion of sternothyroid

A

Thyroid cartilage

102
Q

Innervation of sternothyroid

A

Ansa Cervicalis (C2-C3)

103
Q

Action of sternothyroid

A

Depress hyoid bone and larynx down for swallowing

104
Q

Origin of thyrohyoid

A

Thyroid cartilage

105
Q

Insertion of thyrohyoid

A

Hyoid Bone

106
Q

Innervation of thyrohyoid

A

C1 Via hypoglossal nerve

107
Q

Action of thyrohyoid

A

Depress hyoid bone

Raise larynx for swallowing

108
Q

Origin of masseter

A

Anterior 2/3 zygomatic arch

Posterior 2/3 zygomatic arch

109
Q

Insertion of masseter

A

Mandibular angle

110
Q

Innervation of masseter

A

Mandibular nerve (CN V3)

111
Q

Action of masseter

A

Elevate (adduct) and protrude mandible

112
Q

Origin of temporalis

A

Temporal fossa

113
Q

Insertion of temporalis

A

Coronoid process of mandible

114
Q

Innervation of temporalis

A

Mandibular nerve (CN V3)

115
Q

Action of temporalis

A

Elevate mandible, Retract mandible

Unilateral - lateral movements -chewing

116
Q

Origin of lateral pterygoid

A

Greater wing of sphenoid, Lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate

117
Q

Insertion of lateral pterygoid

A

Articular disc of TMJ Joint, Condylar process of mandible

118
Q

Innervation of lateral pterygoid

A

Mandibular nerve (CN V3)

119
Q

Action of lateral pterygoid

A

Protrude mandible, lateral movements of mandible (chewing)

120
Q

Origin of medial pterygoid

A

Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate, Maxilla

121
Q

Insertion of medial pterygoid

A

Mandibular angle

122
Q

Innervation of Medial pterygoid

A

Mandibular Nerve (Cn V3)

123
Q

Action of medial pterygoid

A

Elevate mandible

124
Q

Origin of Eye Muscles

A

Superior rectus, Medial Rectus, Lateral rectus, Inferior Rectus - Common annular tendon

Superior oblique - Sphenoid bone
Inferior oblique - Medial orbital margin

125
Q

Insertion of Eye muscles

A

Sclera of eye

126
Q

Innervation of eye muscles

A

Superior rectus, medial rectus, inferior rectus, Inferior oblique - Occulomotor nerve (CN 3)

Lateral rectus - Abducens nerve (CN 6)
Superior oblique - Trochlear nerve (CN 4)

127
Q

Action of eye muscles

A

Superior rectus - Elevate, Adduct, Medially Rotate eye
Medial rectus - Adduct eye
Inferior rectus - Depress, Adduct, Laterally rotate eye
Lateral rectus - Abduct eye
Superior oblique - Depress, Abduct, Medially rotate eye
Inferior oblique - Elevate, Abduct, Laterally rotate eye

Gross Anatomy Exam 3 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions