Muscles Flashcards
Insertion trapezius
Spine of scapula
Acromion
Lateral 1/3 clavicle
Nerves of Trapezius
CN XI
C3, C4
Action of trapezius
Adduct
Elevates
Depresses
Rotates
Levator Scapulae Origin and Insertion
O: Transverse processes of C1-C4
I: sup medial border scapula
Levator Scap inner cation
Dorsal scapular nerve
C3, C4
Levator Scap action
Adducts scapula
Rhomboid Minor o and i
O: spines of C7-T1
I: root of spine of scapula
Rhomboid major o and i
O: spines of T2-T5
I: medial border of scapula
Rhomboids innervation
Dorsal scapular nerve, C5
Rhomboids action
Addicts scapula
Latissimus dorsi o and i
O: spines of T5-T12
Thoracolumbar fascia
Iliacrest
Ribs 9-12
I: floor of bicipital groove of humerus
Lat dorsi nerve
Thoracodorsal nerve
Lat dorsi action
Addicts
Extends
Rotates arm medically (IR)
Serratus posterior superior o and i
O: ligamentum nuchae
Supraspinous ligament
Spines of C7-T3
I: upper border of ribs 2-5
Serratus posterior superior innervation
Serratus posterior inferior innervation
SPS: first 4 intercostal nerves
SPI: last 4 intercostal nerves
Serratus posterior superior action
Serratus posterior inferior action
SPS: elevates ribs
SPI: depresses ribs
Serratus posterior inferior o and i
O: supraspinous lig
Spines T11-L3
I: lower border of ribs 9-12
Serratus anterior o and i
O: outer surface ribs 1-8
I: medial border scapulae
Serratus anterior innervation and action
I: long thoracic nerve
A: abducts and protracts scapula
Erector Spinae muscles action
Bilaterally they all help extend the head, cervical region, or thorax. Unilateral contraction causes sideward flexion or lateral bending and aid in twisting
Origin for Trapezius
Superior nuchal line
Ligament Nuchae
Spines C7 - T12
Anterior scalene o and I
O: transverse processes of C3-C6
I: scalene tubercle of 1st rib
Middle scalene o and i
O: transverse process C2-C7
I: 1st rib post to subclavian artery groove
Posterior scalene muscles o and i
O: transverse process C5-C7
I: upper surface of 2nd rib
Function of scalene muscles
Elevate the ribs during heave inspiration
Laterally bend neck and head to one side
Pec Major O and I
O: costal margin, sternum, medial clavicle
I: crest of greater tubercle of humerus
Function of pec major
Flex, adduct, and medially rotate (IR) arm
Pec minor o and i
O: outer surface of ribs 3-5
I: coracoid process
Pec minor fxn
Pull scapula down and anteriorly
Elevate ribs of scapula is fixed
Serratus anterior o and I
O: upper outer surface of ribs 1-8
I: medial angle, vertebral border, inf angle of scapula
Serratus anterior fxn
Pull scapula forward
Prevents winged scapula
What is the principal muscles of inspiration?
Diaphragm
Diaphragm innervation
Phrenic nerve from C3, 4, 5
Pec major innervation
Medial and lateral pectoral nerves
Pec minor innervation
Medial pectoral nerve
Pec Major function
adduct and medially rotate
pec minor function
fixes scapula to thoracic wall
stretch arm forward
inspiration - lifts ribs
Subclavis O and I
O: 1st rib junction
I: inferior surface of mid clavicle
Subclavis function
anchors and depresses clavicle
Serratus anterior paralysis
Cause: injury to long thoracic nerve
Appearance: winged scapula
Move: arm cannot abduct above the horizontal position
(can’t comb hair)
Deltoid function
abduction past 15 degrees
stabilized shoulder joint
ant portion - swings arm
Deltoid O and I
O: clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
I: Deltoid Tuberosity on humerus
Deltoid Nerve
Axillary Nerve
Teres Major Function
adduction and medial rotation of humerus
stabilizes the humeral head in socket
counteracts the deltoid during abduction of the arm
Teres Major O and I
O: Inf angle of scapula
I: Medial lip of intertubercular groove
Rotator cuff muscles, O and I
Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, Subscapularis
O: Scapula
I: Greater and Lesser (subscap) Tubercles of Humerus
Which rotator cuff muscles are responsible for abduction?
supraspinatus
along with deltoid
Which rotator cuff muscles are responsible for adduction?
subscapularis
teres minor
Which rotator cuff muscles are responsible for medial rotation (IR)?
subscapularis
teres major
Which rotator cuff muscles are responsible for lateral rotation (ER)?
infraspinatus
teres minor
Innervation for supraspinatus and infraspinatus
suprascapular nerve
innervation for deltoid and teres minor
axillary
innervation for levator scap and rhomboid
dorsal scapular nerve
innervation for triceps
radial nerve
which muscles does the suprascapular nerve innervate?
infra and supraspinatus
which muscles does the axillary nerve innervate?
deltoid, teres minor
which muscles does the dorsal scapular nerve innervate?
levator scap, rhomboids
Biceps Brachii O (long and short heads) and I
O Long Head: coracoid process
O Short Head: through intertubercular groove to attach at supraglenoid tubercle
I: Radial tuberosity and continues as bicipital aponeurosis
biceps fxn
flexes forearm
supinate when elbow is flexed
Brachialis O and I
O: distal half of humerus
I: coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna
Coracobrachialis O and I
O: coracoid process
I: mid 1/3 humerus
Coracobrachialis fxn
Musculocutaneous n runs through
flexes and adducts arm
stabilizes GH joint
Drinking
Triceps O and I
O Long Head: infraglenoid tubercle
I: olecranon of ulna
Triceps nerve
radial n.
Pronator Teres O and I and Fxn, Nerve
O: humeral and ulnar heads
I: lateral surface of radius
F: strong pronator (Say what?)
N: median n
Flexor Carpi Radialis O, I, F, N
O: medial epi
I: 2-4 metacarpals
F: flex and abduct wrist simulatneously
N: median n
Palmaris Longus O, I, F, N
O: med epi
I: Flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
F: wrist flexion (cats to stick out fingernails)
N: median n
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris O, I, F, n
O: med epi
I: pisiform
F: Flexes and adducts hand
Nerve: ulnar n.
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis O, I, F, N
O: med epi and radial head
I: body of mid phalanges
F: flexes PIP’s, MCP’s, and wrist
N: Median
Flexor Digitorum Profundus O, I, F, N
O: med epi and interosseous membrane I: base of DIP's F: Flex DIP's and up N (Lateral, digits 2 and 3): median N (Medial, Digits 4 and 5): ulnar
Flexor Pollicis Longus O, I, F, N
O: ant radius, interos memb
I: base of dist phalanx
F: flex thumb joints
N: median
Pronator Quadratus OIFN
O: dist 1/4 ant ulna
I: dist 1/4 ant radius
F: pronate
N: Median
Brachioradialis OIFN
O: supracondylar ridge
I: lateral surface radius
F: flexes elbow
N: Radial
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus OIFN
O: Supraepicondylar Ridge
I: base of 2nd MCP
F: Extends and abducts wrist
N: Radial
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
O: lat epi
I: base 3rd MCP
F: extends and abducts
N: radial
Extensor Digitorum OIFN
O: lat epi
I: extensor expansion
F: principle extensor oof medial 4 digits
N: Radial
Extensor Digiti Minimi OIFN
O: Lat epi
I: extensor expansion
F: pinky extension
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris OIFN
O: lat epi
I: base 5th metacarpal
F: extends and adducts wrist
N: Radial
Supinator OIFN
O: lat epi and radial collateral and anular ligaments
I: lateral ant/post surface of radius
F: supinates
N: post interosseous n
Abductor pollicis longus OIFN
O: post surface of ulna, radius and interos membrane
I: base of 1st metacarpal
F: abd thumb
N: post interosseous n
Extensor Pollicis brevis OIFN
O: post radius, int mem
I: base of prox phalanx of thumb (snuff box)
F: ext thumb CMC
N: post interosseous n
Extensor Pollicis Longus OIFN
O: post radius, int mem
I: base of dist phalanx of thumb (med snuff box)
F: extends IP, CMC, wrist; adducts and laterally rotates thumb when extended
N: post interosseous n
Extensor Indicis OIFN
O: Ulna, interos mem
I: 2nd extensor expansion
F: extends 2nd PIP and DIP independently (deepest)
*located medial of extensor digitorum
Abductor Pollicis Brevis OIFN
O: flexor ret, scaphoid, trapezium
I: base 1st phalanx
F: abd
N: median
Flexor Pollicis Brevis OIFN
O: flex ret, scaphoid, trapezium I: base 1st phalanx F: flex N (Superficial Head): median nerve N (Deep Head): ulnar nerve
Lumbricals fxn and nerves
F: flex MCP’s and extend IP’s
N (fingers 1 and 2) - median
N (fingers 3 and 4) - ulnar
Inerossei innervation
ulnar nerve
