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Anatomy & Physiology > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Skeletal

A

Striation: Yes

Shape: Long, cylindrical cells

Nuclei: Multinucleate

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1
Q

External Intercostals

A

Origin - Inferior border of rib above

Insertion - Superior border of rib below

Function - Aid in inspiration

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2
Q

Teres Major

A

Origin - Posterior surface at interior angle of scapula

Insertion - Intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Function - Extends humerus

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2
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Origin - Lateral ridge at distal end of humerus

Insertion - Base of styloid process of radius

Function - Synergist in forearm flexion

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3
Q

(muscles of the rotator cuff)

Origin - Infraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion - Greater tubercle of humerus

Function - Lateral rotation of humerus

A

Infraspinatus

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4
Q

Origin - Arises indirectly from mandible and maxilla

Insertion - Encirlces mouth

Function - Closes lips

A

Obicularis oris

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4
Q

Origin - Zygomatic bone

Insertion - Skin and muscle at corners of mouth

Function - Raises lateral corners of mouth upwards

(smiling muscle)

A

Zygomaticus minor

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5
Q

Zygomaticus Major

A

Origin - Zygomatic bone

Insertion - Skin and muscle at corners of mouth

Function - Raises lateral corners of mouth upwards

(smiling muscle)

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5
Q

Obicularis Oris

A

Origin - Arises indirectly from mandible and maxilla

Insertion - Encirlces mouth

Function - Closes lips

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5
Q

Rectus Abdominis

A

Origin - Pubic crest

Insertion - Xiphoid process

Function - Flexes and rotates vertebral column

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5
Q

Origin - Zygomatic arch and maxilla

Insertion - Angle and ramus of mandible

Function - Prime mover of jaw closure

A

Masseter

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5
Q

Origin - Lateral ridge at distal end of humerus

Insertion - Base of styloid process of radius

Function - Synergist in forearm flexion

A

Brachioradialis

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6
Q

Buccinator

A

Origin - Molar region of mandible and maxilla

Insertion - Obicularis oris

Function - Compresses cheeks

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7
Q

Origin - Spinous processes of C7 and T1 – T5

Insertion - Medial border of scapula

Function - Stabilize scapula

A

Rhomboids Minor

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8
Q

Platysma

A

Origin - Fascia of chest

Insertion - Lower margin of mandible

Function - Tenses skin of neck

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9
Q

Trapezius

A

Origin - Occipital bone

Insertion - Lateral third of clavicle

Function - Extends head

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11
Q

Origin - Temporal fossa

Insertion - Coronoid process of mandible

Function - Closes jaw

A

Temporalis

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12
Q

Origin - Fascia of chest

Insertion - Lower margin of mandible

Function - Tenses skin of neck

A

Platysma

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13
Q

Striations: Yes

Shape: Branching cells, intercalated cells

Nuclei: Uninucleate

A

Cardiac

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13
Q

Infraspinatus

A

(muscles of the rotator cuff)

Origin - Infraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion - Greater tubercle of humerus

Function - Lateral rotation of humerus

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13
Q

Origin - Posterior surface at interior angle of scapula

Insertion - Intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Function - Extends humerus

A

Teres Major

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14
Q

(Occipitalis)

Part of Epicranius

Origin - Occipital bone

Insertion - Galea aponeurotica

Function - Fixes aponeurosis

A

Occipital belly

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14
Q

Rhomboids Major

A

Origin - Spinous processes of C7 and T1 – T5

Insertion - Medial border of scapula

Function - Stabilize scapula

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15
Q

Internal Obliques

A

Origin - Iliac crest

Insertion - Pubic crest

Function - Flexes and rotates vertebral column

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16
Q

Origin - Lateral aspect of ribs 1 - 8 (or 9)

Insertion - Vertebral border of anterior surface of scapula

Function - Rotates scapula

A

Serratus anterior

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17
Q

Zygomaticus Minor

A

Origin - Zygomatic bone

Insertion - Skin and muscle at corners of mouth

Function - Raises lateral corners of mouth upwards

(smiling muscle)

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17
Q

Supraspinatus

A

(muscles of the rotator cuff)

Origin - Supraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion - Greater tubercle of humerus

Function - Stabilizes shoulder joint

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19
Q

Skeletal

Cardiac

Smooth

A

3 Types of Muscles

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19
Q

Origin - Zygomatic bone

Insertion - Skin and muscle at corners of mouth

Function - Raises lateral corners of mouth upwards

(smiling muscle)

A

Zygomaticus major

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19
Q

Bone that moves when the muscle contracts

A

Insertion

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19
Q

(muscles of the rotator cuff)

Origin - Lateral margin of scapula

Insertion - Greater tubercle of humerus

Function - Lateral rotation of humerus

A

Teres Minor

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21
Q

Masseter

A

Origin - Zygomatic arch and maxilla

Insertion - Angle and ramus of mandible

Function - Prime mover of jaw closure

22
Q

Striation: Yes

Shape: Long, cylindrical cells

Nuclei: Multinucleate

A

Skeletal

23
Q

Occipital Belly

A

(Occipitalis)

Part of Epicranius

Origin - Occipital bone

Insertion - Galea aponeurotica

Function - Fixes aponeurosis

24
Q

Transversus Abdominus

A

Origin - Iliac crest

Insertion - Pubic crest

Function - Compresses abdominal contents

25
Q

Bone that does not move when the muscle contracts

A

Origin

26
Q

Striations: No

Shape: Spindle-shaped cells

Nuclei: Uninucleate

A

Smooth

28
Q

Serratus Anterior

A

Origin - Lateral aspect of ribs 1 - 8 (or 9)

Insertion - Vertebral border of anterior surface of scapula

Function - Rotates scapula

30
Q

Insertion

A

Bone that moves when the muscle contracts

31
Q

Origin - Spinous processes of C7 and T1 – T5

Insertion - Medial border of scapula

Function - Stabilize scapula

A

Rhomboids Major

33
Q

External Obliques

A

Origin - Anterior surface of last 8 ribs

Insertion - Pubic crest

Function - Flexes and rotates vertebral column

35
Q

Origin - Pubic crest

Insertion - Xiphoid process

Function - Flexes and rotates vertebral column

A

Rectus abdominis

36
Q

Temporalis

A

Origin - Temporal fossa

Insertion - Coronoid process of mandible

Function - Closes jaw

37
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Origin - Manubrium of sternum

Insertion - Mastoid process of temporal bone

Function - Rotate towards shoulder of opposite side

39
Q

Origin - Inferior border of rib

Insertion - Central tendon

Function - Prime mover of inspiration

A

Diaphragm

40
Q

3 Types of Muscles

A

Skeletal

Cardiac

Smooth

42
Q

Origin - Iliac crest

Insertion - Pubic crest

Function - Compresses abdominal contents

A

Transversus abdominus

43
Q

Frontal Belly

A

(Frontalis)

Part of Epicranius

Origin - Galea aponeurotica (cranial aponeurosis)

Insertion - Skin of eyebrows

Function - Raises eyebrows

44
Q

Triceps Brachii

A

Origin - Long head – inferior margin of glenoid cavity; lateral head – posterior humerus

Insertion - Olecranon process of ulna

Function - Powerful forearm extensor

45
Q

Origin - Anterior surface of last 8 ribs

Insertion - Pubic crest

Function - Flexes and rotates vertebral column

A

External obliques

46
Q

Origin - Short head: coracoid process

Insertion - Radial tuberosity

Function - Flexion (powerful) of elbow

A

Biceps Brachii

47
Q

Biceps Brachii

A

Origin - Short head: coracoid process

Insertion - Radial tuberosity

Function - Flexion (powerful) of elbow

48
Q

Rhomboids Minor

A

Origin - Spinous processes of C7 and T1 – T5

Insertion - Medial border of scapula

Function - Stabilize scapula

49
Q

(Frontalis)

Part of Epicranius

Origin - Galea aponeurotica (cranial aponeurosis)

Insertion - Skin of eyebrows

Function - Raises eyebrows

A

Frontal belly

50
Q

Origin - Frontal and maxillary bones and ligaments around orbit

Insertion - Encircles orbit and inserts in tissue of eyelid

Function - Closes eyes

A

Obicularis oculi

51
Q

Origin - Lateral 1/3 of clavicle

Insertion - Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Function - Prime mover of arm abduction

A

Deltoid

52
Q

Origin - Superior border of rib below

Insertion - Inferior border of rib above

Function - Aids in forced expiration

A

Internal intercostals

54
Q

Internal Intercostals

A

Origin - Superior border of rib below

Insertion - Inferior border of rib above

Function - Aids in forced expiration

54
Q

Origin - Inferior border of rib above

Insertion - Superior border of rib below

Function - Aid in inspiration

A

External intercostals

55
Q

Pectoralis Minor

A

Origin - Anterior surface of ribs 3 - 5

Insertion - Coracoid process of scapula

Function - Draws ribcage superiorly

57
Q

Origin

A

Bone that does not move when the muscle contracts

58
Q

Origin - Long head – inferior margin of glenoid cavity; lateral head – posterior humerus

Insertion - Olecranon process of ulna

Function - Powerful forearm extensor

A

Triceps Brachii

60
Q

Origin - Anterior surface of ribs 3 - 5

Insertion - Coracoid process of scapula

Function - Draws ribcage superiorly

A

Pectoralis minor

61
Q

Origin - Indirect attachment to iliac crest

Insertion - Floor of intertubecular sulcus of humerus

Function - Prime mover of arm extension

A

Latissimus Dorsi

63
Q

Cardiac

A

Striations: Yes

Shape: Branching cells, intercalated cells

Nuclei: Uninucleate

65
Q

Different pectoral major portions

A

Origin - Clavicle

Insertion - Short tendon into intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Function - Medially rotates arms

66
Q

Obicularis Oculi

A

Origin - Frontal and maxillary bones and ligaments around orbit

Insertion - Encircles orbit and inserts in tissue of eyelid

Function - Closes eyes

68
Q

Origin - Clavicle

Insertion - Short tendon into intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Function - Medially rotates arms

A

Different pectoral major portions

69
Q

Smooth

A

Striations: No

Shape: Spindle-shaped cells

Nuclei: Uninucleate

70
Q

Origin - Molar region of mandible and maxilla

Insertion - Obicularis oris

Function - Compresses cheeks

A

Buccinator

71
Q

Origin - Occipital bone

Insertion - Lateral third of clavicle

Function - Extends head

A

Trapezius

72
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

Origin - Indirect attachment to iliac crest

Insertion - Floor of intertubecular sulcus of humerus

Function - Prime mover of arm extension

73
Q

Diaphragm

A

Origin - Inferior border of rib

Insertion - Central tendon

Function - Prime mover of inspiration

74
Q

(muscles of the rotator cuff)

Origin - Supraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion - Greater tubercle of humerus

Function - Stabilizes shoulder joint

A

Supraspinatus

75
Q

Origin - Manubrium of sternum

Insertion - Mastoid process of temporal bone

Function - Rotate towards shoulder of opposite side

A

Sternocleidomastoid

76
Q

Deltoid

A

Origin - Lateral 1/3 of clavicle

Insertion - Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Function - Prime mover of arm abduction

77
Q

Origin - Iliac crest

Insertion - Pubic crest

Function - Flexes and rotates vertebral column

A

Internal obliques

78
Q

Teres Minor

A

(muscles of the rotator cuff)

Origin - Lateral margin of scapula

Insertion - Greater tubercle of humerus

Function - Lateral rotation of humerus

Anatomy & Physiology (11 decks)

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