Muscles

Question 1

Origin

Answer 1

Proximal attachment to skeleton.

Question 2

Insertion

Answer 2

Distal attachment to skeleton.

Question 3

Action

Answer 3

The function of the muscle.

Question 4

Belly

Answer 4

Main part of the muscle.

Question 5

Aponeueosis

Answer 5

Sheet like tendon, broad attachment.

Question 6

Myofibrils

Answer 6

Small units within the sarcoplasm.

Question 7

Sarcolemma

Answer 7

Cell membrane of the muscle cell.

Question 8

Myocyte

Answer 8

Elongated cell that muscle fibres are made of.

Question 9

Fascicle

Answer 9

Smaller bundles the epimysium contains.

Question 10

Endomysium

Answer 10

Connective tissue each fascicle consists of.

Question 11

Perimysium

Answer 11

Connective tissue surrounding the fasciculi.

Question 12

Epimysium

Answer 12

A sheath of connective tissue enclosing the whole muscle.

Question 13

Sarcomeres

Answer 13

A structural unit of myofibril.

Question 14

Z-line

Answer 14

Marks the boundary of a sarcomere.

Question 15

Actin and myosin

Answer 15

Small protein filaments.

Question 16

Extensor

Answer 16

Increases angle between 2 bones.

Question 17

Flexor

Answer 17

Decreases angle between 2 bones.

Question 18

Rotation

Answer 18

Movements of a limb along the long axis.

Question 19

Protract

Answer 19

To move a body part of limb forwards.

Question 20

Retract

Answer 20

To retract a body part or limb.

Question 21

Bursae

Answer 21

A fluid filled sack located between a tendon.

Question 22

Facias

Answer 22

Formed from connective tissue and may separate, surround or connect muscles and act as a fat store.

Question 23

Epaxial muscles

Answer 23

Lie dorsal to the transverse process.

Question 24

Hypaxial muscles

Answer 24

Lie ventral to the vertebral column.

Question 25

External intercostals

Answer 25

Originate from the caudal border of one rib and attaches to the cranial border of the next rib.

Question 26

Internal intercostals

Answer 26

Lie below the external intercostals.

Question 27

Pectorals

Answer 27

Run from the ribs and sternum and insert onto the humerus.

Question 28

Latissimus dorsi

Answer 28

Originating from thoracic spine and inserts onto humerus.

Question 29

Brachiocephalicus

Answer 29

Runs from base of skull and inserts onto humerus.

Question 30

Biceps brachii

Answer 30

Originates from scapula and inserts onto radius and ulna.

Question 31

Triceps brachii

Answer 31

Has origins from proximal humerus and scapula, all insert onto olecranon.

Question 32

Brachialis

Answer 32

Originates from humerus and inserts onto radius and ulna.

Question 33

Carpal extenders

Answer 33

Originate from humerus and insert onto carpals running in front of the distal limb.

Question 34

Carpal flexors

Answer 34

Run behind carpus and foot.

Question 35

Digital extenders

Answer 35

Originate from humerus and insert onto the third phalanx.

Question 36

Digital flexors

Answer 36

Superficial inserts onto second phalanx and deep inserts onto third phalanx.

Question 37

Gluteals

Answer 37

Extend the hip joint and abduct the thigh.

Question 38

Hamstring group

Answer 38

Propel and extend the whole limb backwards.

Question 39

Biceps femoris

Answer 39

Originates from pelvis to the tibia over the femur and inserts onto calcaneus.

Question 40

Semitendinosus

Answer 40

From pelvis to tibia and calcaneus.

Question 41

Semimembranosus

Answer 41

From pelvis to tibia and fibula.

Question 42

Quadriceps femoris

Answer 42

Large muscle runs down the cranial aspect to the thigh.

Question 43

Pectineus, sartorius and grascilis

Answer 43

Hind limb abductors on the medial aspect of the thigh.

Question 44

Gastrocnemius

Answer 44

Originates from caudal aspect of the femur and inserts onto calcaneus.