Muscles Flashcards
What are the different functions of muscle?
1.) movement
2.) static support
3.) heat production
What are the types of muscle?
- skeletal
- cardiac
- smooth
What are tendons & aponeuroses?
- dense fibrous connective tissue
- do not shorten
- can alter force direction
- some muscles share common tendon
What are the different muscle compartments in the arm?
Flexor and extensor
What are the different muscle compartments in the forearm?
Flexor-pronator and extensor-supinator
What are the different flexors (anterior) in the arm?
- biceps brachii
- brachialis
- coracobrachialis
What nerve supplies the flexors (anterior) in the arm?
Musculocutaneous nerve
What are the different extensors (posterior) in the arm?
- triceps brachii
What nerve supplies the extensors (posterior) of the arm?
Radial nerve
What is an agonist?
Prime mover/contracts
e.g. Biceps
What is an antagonist?
Relaxes
e.g. Triceps
What is a fixator?
Stabiliser
e.g. Deltoid
What is a synergist?
Augment action of the agonist
e.g. Brachialis
How is the elbow flexed?
Contraction of biceps brachii
How is the elbow extended?
Contraction of triceps brachii
What are the different muscle compartments in the forearm?
- Flexors and pronators (8 muscles)
- Extensors and supinator (10 muscles)
- Brachioradialis (posterior)
What does the Brachioradialis do?
Flexion of forearm
What nerves supplies the flexor (anterior) muscles?
Median and Ulnar nerve
What nerve supplies the extensor (posterior) muscles?
Radial nerve
What are the three types of gluteal muscles?
- Gluteus maximus
- Gluteus medius
- Gluteus minimus
What does the gluteus maximus do?
Extension
What does the gluteus medius and minimus do?
Abduction
What are the 3 muscles of the thigh?
- Hamstrings
- Quadriceps
- Adducters
What are the three compartments in the thigh?
- Anterior
- Posterior
- Medial
