Muscle Tissue

Question 1

What is muscle tissue specialised for?

Answer 1

The conversion of chemical energy into mechanical energy

Question 2

What type of muscle is striated and voluntary?

Answer 2

Skeletal muscle

Question 3

Is skeletal muscle:

1. Striated or non-striated
2. Involuntary or voluntary

Answer 3

Striated and voluntary

Question 4

What type of muscle is striated and involuntary?

Answer 4

Cardiac muscle

Question 5

What type of muscle is non-striated and involuntary?

Answer 5

Smooth muscle

Question 6

Is smooth muscle:

1. Striated or non-striated
2. Involuntary or voluntary

Answer 6

Non-striated and involuntary

Question 7

What part of the NS controls skeletal muscle?

Answer 7

Somatic

Question 8

What part of the NS controls smooth muscle?

Answer 8

Autonomic

Question 9

What is the function of skeletal muscle?

Answer 9

The voluntary movement of the skeleton, eyes, and tongue

Question 10

How are the nuclei arranged in skeletal muscle?

Answer 10

Multiple nuclei located peripherally

Question 11

Arrangement of what causes a striated apperance?

Answer 11

Myofibrils

Question 12

What are myofibrils composed of?

Answer 12

Repeating units called myofilaments

Question 13

What are dark and thick myofilaments:

myosin or actin?

Answer 13

Myosin

Question 14

What are light and thin myofilaments:

myosin or actin?

Answer 14

Actin

Question 15

What divide myofibrils into contractile units?

What are these contractile units called?

Answer 15

Z lines.

Sarcomeres.

Question 16

What is the thin layer that separates each myofibril?

Answer 16

Sarcoplasm

Question 17

What is skeletal muscle specialised for?

Answer 17

Contraction and relaxation

Question 18

What are individual muscle fibres separated by?

Answer 18

Endomysium

Question 19

What does the endomysium do?

Answer 19

Separates individual muscle fibres

Question 20

What are bundles of muscle fibres grouped into?

Answer 20

Fasciculi

Question 21

What is the loose connective tissue that surrounds each fascicule?

Answer 21

Perimysium

Question 22

What is epimysium?

Answer 22

Dense connective tissue that surrounds the entire external surface of the muscle

Question 23

What is the dense connective tissue that surrounds the entire external surface of the muscle?

Answer 23

Epimysium

Question 24

What is the specialised plasma membrane that envelops the external surface of skeletal muscle?

Answer 24

Sarcolemma

Question 25

What sit between myofibrils?

Answer 25

Multiple mitochondria

Question 26

What innervates skeletal muscle?

Answer 26

Somatic motor neurons

Question 27

What is a motor unit?

Answer 27

A single motor neurone and all of the muscle fibres it innervates

Question 28

What is neuronal action potential converted to during muscle contraction?

Answer 28

Chemical messenger acetylcholine

Question 29

What is the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 29

A network of tubules that wrap around myofibrils

Question 30

What are the three layers of the heart wall?

Answer 30

Pericardium - outer tissue layer
Myocardium - cardiac muscle tissue
Endocardium - single layer of endothelial cells

Question 31

Where is smooth muscle found?

Answer 31

Lining hollow organs

Question 32

What is smooth muscle specialised for?

Answer 32

Continuous contractions

Question 33

What is the structure of smooth muscle cells?

Answer 33

Small, spindle shaped cells with tapered ends.

Question 34

What structural unit isn’t present in smooth muscle and what does mean for its appearance?

Answer 34

Sarcomeres aren’t present.

Means smooth muscle isn’t striated.

Question 35

What anchors smooth muscle cells to the cytoplasm and cell membrane?

Answer 35

Focal densities