muscle tissue Flashcards
what are the 3 types of muscle?
skeletal, smooth and cardiac
what is a myofibral?
the part of the muscle cell that is made up of myosin and actin filaments
what are the protein filaments and where are they located?
myosin and actin that run through the cytoplasm within the muscle cell
what is a sarcomere?
repeated units of myosin and actin needed for muscle contraction and shortening
what is a muscle cell also known as?
muscle fibre
what is the sarcolema?
cell surface membrane on a muscle cell
what happens when a muscle contracts?
actin ( thinner filament) slides between the myosin (thicker filament) which shortens the length of the sarcomere and overall length
what is a slow twitch?
- relatively effective, produce steady supply of ATP
- they have more mitochondria and myoglobin (oxygen)
- release ATP by aerobic respiration
who is a slow twitch more useful too?
endurance athletes
what is a fast twitch?
- ineffective, require a lot of glucose for little movement
- glycotic fibres for rapid anaerobic respiration
- produces lactic acid
what is an oxidative fibre?
- contains many mitochondria and myoglobin ( for lots of oxygen) required for aerobic respiration
- can hydrolyse ATP quickly
what is a glycotic fibre?
have less myoglobin and less mitochondria, they contain glycogen to provide fuel for rapid anaerobic respiration
who are fast twitch fibres beneficial to?
sprinters
