Muscle Tissue

Question 1

What are the main functions of muscle tissue?

Answer 1

• movement
• posture maintenance
• producing force from mechanical energy
• stabilize joints
• thermogenesis
• INC muscle mass , INC immune system

Question 2

What are the 4 properties of muscles?

Answer 2

• excitability
• contractility
• extensibility
• elasticity

Question 3

What are the 3 types of muscles?

Answer 3

• skeletal
• smooth
• cardiac

Question 4

What is the most abundant muscle?

Answer 4

Skeletal muscle

Question 5

What nerves are skeletal muscles supplied by?

Answer 5

Somatoc

Question 6

What are the 2 parts of a muscle?

Answer 6

• belly (fleshy)

- tendon (fibrous)

Question 7

What is the nature of the belly muscle?

Answer 7

Highly vascular + contractile

Question 8

What is the nature of the tendon muscle?

Answer 8

Collagen fibres

• less vascular
• non elastic

Question 9

What is the fibrous part in flat muscles called?

Answer 9

Aponeurosis

Question 10

What are the 2 attachments of muscle?

Answer 10

• origin (fixed during contraction)

- insertion (moves during contraction)

Question 11

What are the 3 types of parallel muscles?

Answer 11

• fusiform
• strap
• quadrilateral

Question 12

Give an example of each type of parallel muscle.

Answer 12

Fusiform - biceps branchii
Strap - sartorius
Quadrilateral - pronator quadratus

Question 13

What is the nature of a convergent muscle and give an example.

Answer 13

• can out + converge to a single end

Eg- pectoralis major

Question 14

List the three types of pennate muscles and give examples

Answer 14

• unipennate - palmar interossei
• bipennate- dorsal interossei
• multipennate - deltoid

Question 15

What is the function of circular muscles and give two examples.

Answer 15

Guard openings + dec diameter of openings
EG - obicularis oculi
- obicularis oris

Question 16

What are the 4 actions of skeletal muscles?

Answer 16

• agonist
• antagonist
• synergistic
• fixator

Question 17

What are agonist muscles?

Answer 17

• prime movers ;

Responsible for movement

Question 18

What are antagonist muscles?

Answer 18

Oppose the action of agonist

Question 19

What are synergist muscles?

Answer 19

Stabilize joints around movement ; help agonist function effectively

Question 20

What is the function of a fixator muscle?

Answer 20

Stabilize proximal joints allowing movement @ distal joints

Question 21

What is the connective tissue surrounded by a skeletal muscle?

Answer 21

Epimysium

Question 22

What are the smaller bundles of muscles called?

Answer 22

Fascicles

Question 23

What is the plasma membrane of the muscle cell called?

Answer 23

Sarcolemma

Question 24

What are T tubules and what is its function?

Answer 24

Invagination of sarcolemma @ A Band + I Band junction

- permit rapid transmission of action potential into cell

Question 25

What is the terminal cisternae and what is its function?

Answer 25

Enlarged area of sarcoplasmic reticulum surrounding T Tubules
- stores calcium

Question 26

What is a triad?

Answer 26

2 terminal cisternae & 1 T-Tubules

Question 27

What is myoglobin?

Answer 27

Red pigment;

Stores O2 in muscles

Question 28

What are thin myofilament known as?

Answer 28

Actin

Question 29

I band

Answer 29

Isotropic ; light band

Question 30

A band

Answer 30

Anisotropic; not isotropic ; dark band

Question 31

I band contains

Answer 31

Thin actin myofilaments

Question 32

A band contains

Answer 32

Thick + thin (actin & myosin)

Question 33

H zone

Answer 33

Middle of A ; only myosin