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845 E3 > Muscle Relaxants Masserano > Flashcards

Muscle Relaxants Masserano Flashcards

1
Q

Antispasmodic

A

Benzos, tiazanidine, Flexeril, Soma, Robaxin

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2
Q

Antispasticity

A

Benzos, Tizanidine, Baclofen, Dantrolene

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3
Q

Cyclobenzaprine, Tizanidine, Carisoprodol side effect profile

A

More sedating

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4
Q

Carisoprodol, Meprobamate, opioids, benzos side effect profile

A

Abuse potential

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5
Q

Ways to relax the muscle

A

Inhibit Ca uptake and inhibit glutamate release

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6
Q

Diazepam MOA

A

Potentiates GABA hyperpolarization (chloride channel) by action on GABAa receptor. Acts on CNS and spinal cord

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7
Q

Baclofen MOA

A

Presynaptic GABAb receptors decrease Ca influx and glutamate release
Postsynaptic GABAb increase K+ efflux (hyperpolarize)

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8
Q

Tizanadine MOA

A

Centrally acting alpha2 agonist that decreases Ca flow into the presynaptic neuron = decrease in glutamate release

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9
Q

Dantrolene MOA

A

Binds to RyR1 channel in skeletal muscle which inhibits Ca release thus inhibiting contractions.

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10
Q

Dantrolene BBW

A

Hepatotoxicity

If no benefit after 45 days D/C

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11
Q

Cyclobenzaprine warnings

A

QT prolongation

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12
Q

Carisoprodol MOA

A

Metabolized to meprobomate and mechanism related to sedative properties

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13
Q

Male r value

A

0.68

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14
Q

Female r value

A

0.55

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15
Q

Alcohol Metabolism

A

Follows zero order kinetics so everyone metabolized at about the same rate.
One drink in 1 to 2 hours

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16
Q

Consequences of increase in NADH

A
  1. Increase in blood lactate
  2. Mg++ excretion increases = potential convulsions
  3. Uric acid excretion decreases = increase in nausea and vomiting
17
Q

Consequences of increased Fatty acid synthesis

A

Increased triglyceride and lipid accumulation in liver

Cirrhosis

18
Q

Consequences of Decreased gluconeogenesis

A

Synthesis of glucose from amino acids is impaired
Liver glycogen being low = hypoglycemia
Headaches, lethargy, confusion

19
Q

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

A

Due to malabsoprtion of thiamine
Ophthalmic difficulties and ataxia of gait
If not treated with thiamine (B1) mental state may deteriorate

20
Q

Ethanol as a drug

A

Can be used to treat methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning which will competitively block alcohol dehydrogenase

21
Q

Fomepizole

A

Injection used to competitively inhibit alcohol dehydrogenase

22
Q

Ethanol potentiates CNS depressants with these drugs:

A

Opioids, benzos, sedatives, antidepressants, antipsychotics, antihistamines

23
Q

Disulfiram MOA

A

Blocks the conversion of acetaldehyde to acetic acid. Cause lots of toxicity if alcohol is taken

24
Q

Naltrexone MOA

A

Long lasting opioid antagonist and lowered rates of heavy drinking

25
Q

Acamprostate MOA

A

Blocks glutamatergic aspartate receptors while activating GABAa

845 E3 (3 decks)

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