Muscle Physiology

Question 1

2 Bones Types

Answer 1

Compact and spongy bone

Question 2

Osteoblasts

Answer 2

Bone forming cells that form osteoids that are later mineralised to form bone

Question 3

what are osteoids made of

Answer 3

Type 1 collagen

Question 4

Role of Osteoclast

Answer 4

Bone absorption and remodelling

Question 5

Myosin

Answer 5

Thick Filaments 2 polypeptide tails with the 2x globular head (myosin light chain). This is important as they contain the ATP binding site.

Question 6

myosin light chain

Answer 6

The myosin light chain stabilises the myosin head and allow phosphorylation to occur

Question 7

Thin Filaments

Answer 7

Made out of actin, troponin and tropomyosin

Question 8

Titin

Answer 8

helps keep thick and thin filaments aligned, and it resists the muscle from overstretching.

Allows muscle to recoil to resting length after being stretched

Question 9

neuromuscular junction

Answer 9

the functional connection between the nerve fibre and the target cell

Question 10

Motor Unit

Answer 10

Motor unit made up out of the alpha motoneuron

Question 11

Muscle Spindle

Answer 11

Stretch sensors

proprioceptors that are enclosed in a sheath of connective tissue found within the muscle

Causes muscle to contract to prevent over stretching

Question 12

Golgi Tendon

Answer 12

Tension Sensors

Load = discharge

Question 13

Pennation Angle

Answer 13

• Parallele
• Flat ( rectus abdominus )
• Fusiform (belly like the bicep)
• Strap
• Convergent ( pec major)
• circular (lips, eyes)