muscle physiology Flashcards
what are the 3 types of muscle in the body?
smooth , cardiac and skeletall
where is smooth muscle located?
wall of hallow organs , vessels and respiratory passageways
where is cardiac muscle located?
wall of heart
where is skeletal muscle located?
attached to bones
what are the cell characteristics of smooth muscle?
tapered at each end , branching networks and nonstriated
what are the cell characteristics of cardiac muscle?
branching networks , special membranes (intercalated disks) between cells , single nucleus , lightly striated
what are the cell characteristics of skeletal muscle?
long and cylindrical , multinucleated , heavily striated
what is the control action of smooth muscle?
involuntary , produces peristalsis , contacts and relaxes slowly, may sustain contaction
what is the control action of cardiac muscle?
involuntary pumps blood out of heart, self-excitatory but influenced by nervous system and hormones.
what is the control action of skeletal muscle?
voluntary produces movement at joints , stimulated by nervous system , contacts and relaxes rapidly.
what is the epimysium
the connective tissue layer that covers the outer surface of the muscle
what is the perimysium
surrounds and holds each bundle of muscle fibres together
what is the endomysium?
thin layer of connective tissue that covers each muscle fiber/cell
where are motor neurons located ?
cell body in the spinal cord and a long extension (axon) that branches as it enters the muscle so one neuron can innervate multiple muscle fibres
a bands
thick filaments , myson
