Muscle Metabolism Flashcards
anaerobic fermentation
enables a cell to produce ATP without need for oxygen
aerobic respiration
produces more ATP and no lactate, uses oxygen
- generates most ATP in resting muscle
phosphates system
ATP and cP, provide nearly all energy used for short bursts of intense activity
anaerobic/lactate threshold
where phosphagen system is exhausted and shifts to anaerobic fermentation
glycogen-lactate system
muscles obtain glucose from blood and store glycogen
fatigue
progressive weakness and loss of contractility resulting from prolonged use of muscles
potassium accumulation
in high intensity, short term fatigue caused by K+ related to ECF and lowers membrane potential and makes muscle fiber less excitable
ADP/Pi accumulation
hydrolysis of ATP causes pool of ADP and Pi slowing the cross bridge cycling mechanism of contraction
fuel depletion
causes low intensity, long duration fatigue because of declined levels of muscle glycogen and blood glucose
- bonking
electrolyte loss
loss through sweating alters ion balance of ECF and reduce excitability
central fatigue
generation of ammonia absorbed by brain and inhibits motor neurons
maximum oxygen uptake
point at which rate oof oxygen consumption plateaus
excess post exercise oxygen consumption
- aka oxygen debt
difference between elevated rate of oxygen consumption at end of exercise and normal rate at rest
slow twitch/type 1
well adapted for endurance and fatigue resistance
- important in muscles that support and maintain posture
- used for aerobic respiration
- surrounded by dense network of blood capillaries, mitochondria and myoglobin
fast twitch/type 2
well adapted for quick responses
- fast release and reabsorption of calcium and myosin with quick ATP hydrolysis and cross bridge cycling
- glycolysis and anaerobic fermentation
high concentration of glycogen and CP
