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Comparative Anatomy > Muscle List > Flashcards

Muscle List Flashcards

1
Q

Frontalis

A

Origin: Frontal Bone
Insertion: Epicranial & Aponeurosis
Function: moves eyebrows

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2
Q

Occipitalis

A

Origin: Occipital Bone
Insertion: Epicranial aponeurosis
Function: retracts scalp

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3
Q

Nasalis

A

Origin: Maxillae & alar cartilage
Insertion: dorsum of nose

Flares (elevates) nostrils

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4
Q

Buccinator

A

Origin: alveolar processes of maxillae and mandible
Insertion: orbicularis

Compresses cheeks, holds food between teeth when chewing

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5
Q

Mentalis

A

Origin: central mandible
Insertion: skin of chin

Protrudes lower lip (pout)

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6
Q

Orbicularis oris

A

Origin: maxillae and mandible
Insertion: skin & muscles at angles to mouth

Compresses & purses lips (kiss)

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7
Q

Zygomasticus major

A

Origin: zygomatic bone
Insertion: skin at superior-lateral edge of mouth

Elevates corners of mouth (smile)

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8
Q

Zygomasticus minor

A

Origin: zygomatic bone
Insertion: skin of superior lip

Elevates corners of mouth (smile)

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9
Q

Corrugator supercilii

A

Origin: medial end of superciliary arch
Insertion: skin superior to supraorbital margin& superciliary arch

Pulls eyebrows inferiorly & medially. Wrinkles between brows

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10
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A

Origin: medial wall of orbit
Insertion: skin surrounding eyelids

Closes eye, blinking, squinting

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11
Q

Temporalis

A

Origin: superior & inferior temporal lines
Insertion: coronoid process of mandible

Elevates & retracts mandible

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12
Q

Masseter

A

Origin: zygomatic arch
Insertion: lateral surface & angle of mandible

Elevates & protracts mandible; prime mover of jaw closure

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13
Q

Medial pterygoid

A

Origin: maxilla, palatine, & medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate
Insertion: medial surface of mandibular ramus

Elevates & protracts mandible; medial & lateral excursion

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14
Q

Lateral pterygoid

A

Origin: greater wing of sphenoid; lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate
Insertion: condylar process of mandible

Protracts mandible; medial & lateral excursion

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15
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Origin: manubrium & sternal end of clavicle
Insertion: mastoid process

Neck flexion & lateral flexion

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16
Q

Trapezius

A

Origin: occipital bone, spinous processes C7-T12
Insertion: clavicle, acromion process & spine of scapula

Superior fibers: elevation & superior rotation of scapula
Middle Fibers: retract scapula
Inferior Fibers: depress scapula

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17
Q

Diaphragm

A

Origin: inferior surface of ribs 7-12; xyphoid process, lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: central tendon

Contraction causes flattening, expanding thoracic cavity for inhalation

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18
Q

External abdominal oblique

A

Origin: external & inferior borders of ribs 5-12
Insertion: linea alba

Flexion & lateral flexion of vertebral column; rotation of vertebral column to opposite side

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19
Q

Internal abdominal oblique

A

Origin: lumbar fascia, inguinal ligament; iliac crest
Insertion: linea alba, pubic crest, inferior surfaces & cartilage of ribs 8-10

Flexion & lateral flexion of vertebral column; rotation of vertebral column to opposite side

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20
Q

Rectus abdominis

A

Origin: superior surface of pubis
Insertion: xyphoid process & inferior surfaces of ribs 5-7

Flexes vertebral column

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21
Q

Transverse abdominis

A

Origin: iliac crest, cartilages of ribs 7-12, lumbar fascia, inguinal ligament
Insertion: linea alba & pubic crest

Flexion and lateral flexion of vertebral column

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22
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

Origin: spinous processes T7-12, iliac crest
Insertion: intertubercle groove of humerus

Prime mover for arm extension, arm adduction & medial rotation

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23
Q

Iliocostalis

A

Origin: posterior part of iliac crest, posterior sacrum, lumbar processes
Insertion: angle of ribs, transverse processes cervical vertebrae

Extends neck & vertebral column; postural muscle

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24
Q

Longissimus

A

Origin: posterior part of iliac crest, posterior sacrum, lumbar spinous processes
Insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone & transverse processes of cervical & thoracic vertebrae

Extends neck & vertebral column, rotates head, postural muscle

25
Spinalis
Origin: thoracic part= lumbar spinous processes cervical part= C7 spinous processes Insertion: spinous process of axis and thoracic vertebrae extends neck and vertebral column; postural muscle
26
Pectoralis Minor
Origin: ribs 3-5 Insertion: coracoid process of scapula protracts and depresses scapula
27
Serratus anterior
Origin: ribs 1-8 Insertion: medial border and anterior surface of scapula prime mover in scapula protraction, superior rotation of scapula
28
Pectoralis major
Origin: medial clavicle, costal cartilages 2-6, sternum body Insertion: intertubercle groove of humerus prime mover of arm flexion, arm adduction and medial rotation
29
Rhomboideus major
Origin: spinous process T2-5 Insertion: medial border of scapula inferior to spine elevates, retracts, and inferiorly rotates scapula
30
Rhomboideus minor
Origin: spinous processes of C7-T1 Insertion: medial border of scapula superior to spine elevates, retracts, and inferior rotates scapula
31
Deltoid
Origin: acromial end of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus Anterior Fibers -> flex & medially rotate arm Middle Fibers -> prime mover of arm abduction Posterior Fibers -> extend and laterally rotate arm
32
Teres major
Origin: inferior lateral border and inferior angle of scapula Insertion: lesser tubercle and intertubercle groove of humerus extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm
33
Biceps brachii
Origin: Long Head = supraglenoid tubercle Short Head= coracoid process of scapula Insertion: radial tuberosity forearm flexion and supination, long head assists in arm flexion
34
Brachialis
Origin: distal anterior surface of humerus Insertion: tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna prime mover for forearm flexion
35
Triceps brachii
Origin: Long Head= infraglenoid tubercle Lateral Head= posterior humerus above radial groove Medial Head= posterior humerus below radial groove Insertion: olecranon primary extensor of forearm; long head also extends and adducts arm
36
Brachioradialis
Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus Insertion: styloid process of radius forearm flexion
37
Pronator teres
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna Insertion: lateral surface of radius pronates forearm
38
Pronator quadratus
Origin: distal 1/4 of ulna Insertion: distal 1/4 of radius pronates forearm
39
Supinator
Origin: lateral epicondyle of ulna and ulna distal to radial notch Insertion: anterolateral surface of radius distal to radial notch supinates forearm
40
Iliacus
Origin: Ilia fossa Insertion: lesser trochanter flexes thigh
41
Psoas major
Origin: transverse processes and bodies of T12-L5 Insertion: lesser trochanter flexes thigh
42
Gluteus maximus
Origin: Iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx Insertion: linea aspera & gluteal tuberostiy of femur extends and laterally rotates the thigh
43
Gluteus medius
Origin: posterior Iliac crest, lateral surface between gluteal lines Insertion: greater trochanter abducts and medially rotates the thigh
44
Gluteus minimus
Origin: lateral surface of ilium Insertion: greater trochanter abducts and medially rotates the thigh
45
Adductor longus
Origin: pubis near pubic symphysis Insertion: linea aspera adducts thigh, flexes leg
46
Gracilis
Origin: Inferior ramus and body of pubis Insertion: upper medial surface of tibia adducts & flexes thigh, flexes leg
47
Rectus femoris
Origin: anterior iliac spine Insertion: quadriceps tendon to patella & tibial tuberosity flexes thigh, extends leg
48
Vastus intermedius
Origin: anterolateral surface of femur Insertion: quadriceps tendon to patella & tibial tuberosity extends leg
49
Vastus lateralis
Origin: greater trochanter & linea aspera Insertion: quadriceps tendon to patella & tibial tuberosity extends leg
50
Vastus medialis
Origin: intertrochanteric line and linea aspera Insertion: quadriceps tendon to patella & tibial tuberosity extends leg
51
Sartorius
Origin: anterior superior iliac spine Insertion: tibial tuberosity flex thigh, lateral rotation of thigh, flexes leg, medial rotation of leg
52
Biceps femoris
Origin: Long Head= ischial tuberosity Short Head= linea aspera Insertion: head of fibula flexes and laterally rotates leg; long head flexes thigh
53
Semimembranosus
Origin: ischial tuberosity Insertion: posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia extends thigh, flexes & medially rotates leg
54
Semitendinosus
Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: proximal medial surface of tibia extends thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg
55
Gastrocnemius
Origin: posterior surface of lateral and medial epicondyles Insertion: calcaneus (via calcaneal tendon) flexes leg, plantar flexes foot
56
Soleus
Origin: head and proximal shaft of fibula, medial border of tibia Insertion: calcaneus (via calcaneal tendon)
57
Tibialis anterior
Origin: lateral condyle and proximal shaft of tibia Insertion: metatarsal 1 and first cuneiform dorsiflexes and inverts foot
58
Fibularis longus
Origin: head and superior 2/3 shaft of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia Insertion: base of metatarsal 1 and medial cuneiform everts foot

Comparative Anatomy (3 decks)

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