Muscle Exercises 1

Question 1

There are more than ….. muscles in the human body, which together compose around half of the body weight of the average person.

Answer 1

more than 650

Question 2

Muscle tissue is made up of cells that are called?

Answer 2

fibres. Depending on their purpose the size & shape of the fibres differs.

Question 3

What is the name for the thick fibrous bands of tissue which can be used to attach muscle to bone?

Answer 3

tendons. these secure muscles to bones & to other muscles.

Question 4

What is the name for the flat like ribbons, having fewer blood vessels & nerves than tendons?

Answer 4

aponeuroses - a sheet like tendinous expansion. found in the ventral abdominal region, the dorsal lumbar region & the palm of the hand.

Question 5

Humans have 3 different kinds of muscles - what are they?

Answer 5

skeletal muscle, smooth muscle and cardiac muscle

Question 6

What is the name of the muscle that attaches to bones by tendons across a connecting joint?

Answer 6

skeletal muscle - this allows the muscles to pull on bones & create movement. They are striated in appearance (light & dark bands)

Question 7

What is the name of the muscles that are commonly involved in involuntary movements?

Answer 7

Smooth muscle - movements over which we have no conscious control. e.g. internal organs such as stomach, bladder, intestine. (excluding the heart)

Question 8

Which muscles are under the conscious control of the body?

Answer 8

skeletal muscle - in other words they are voluntary muscles.

Question 9

What is the name of the muscle that are unique in that they are striated in appearance but involuntary in action?

Answer 9

cardiac muscles.

Question 10

Cardiac muscles are found in the …………….. of the heart and largely make up the heart wall.

Answer 10

myocardium.

Question 11

What is the name of the bands of strong, thick fibrous collagen that bind bones to other bones?

Answer 11

ligaments. They also surround & bind joints to strengthen & stabilise them.

Question 12

The knee joint has strong ligaments to prevent it from wobbling, name the ligament the prevents the knee moving too far to either side?

Answer 12

collateral ligaments (medial & lateral collateral ligament MCL & LCL)

Question 13

The knee joint has strong ligaments to prevent it from wobbling, name the ligament that prevents the knee moving too far forward or backwards?

Answer 13

cruciate ligaments. (anterior & posterior cruciate ligament ACL & PCL)

Question 14

What is the name of the flexible connective tissue composed of collagen fibres, a gel-like substance & water which lines the joints & intervertebral discs?

Answer 14

cartilage. A layer of cartilage covers the end of bones where the joints are formed. It cushions & protects them when rubbing together.

Question 15

What is the name of the fluid-filled sac that acts as a cushion in places where tendons, liga, muscles or skin pass over bone.

Answer 15

Bursa - it reduces friction especially on the shoulders, elbows, hips & knees.

Question 16

Muscles - Latin names referring to (size) largest and smallest?

Answer 16

maximus and minimus

Question 17

Muscles - Latin names referring to (size) large and small?

Answer 17

major and minor

Question 18

Muscles - Latin names referring to (size) short and long?

Answer 18

brevis and longus

Question 19

Muscles - Latin names referring to (shape) triangular?

Answer 19

deltoid

Question 20

Muscles - Latin names referring to (shape) diamond-shaped?

Answer 20

rhomboid

Question 21

Muscles - Latin names referring to (shape) four sided?

Answer 21

quadrutus

Question 22

Muscles - Latin names referring to (location) arm?

Answer 22

brachii

Question 23

Muscles - Latin names referring to (location) eye?

Answer 23

oculi

Question 24

Muscles - Latin names referring to (location)thigh?

Answer 24

femoris

Question 25

Muscles - Latin names referring to (location) spine?

Answer 25

spinalis

Question 26

Muscles - Latin names referring to (action or function) muscles that bend a limb?

Answer 26

flexors e.g. elbow flexor

Question 27

Muscles - Latin names referring to (action or function) muscles that straighten a limb?

Answer 27

extensors e.g. elbow extensor

Question 28

Muscles - Latin names referring to (action or function) muscles that move a limb side to side, away from the body?

Answer 28

abductors e.g. hip abductors

Question 29

Muscles - Latin names referring to (action or function) muscles that move a limb sideways towards the body?

Answer 29

adductors e.g. hip adductors

Question 30

Muscles - Latin names referring to (action or function) muscles that raise a part?

Answer 30

elevators e.g. in the eyelid

Question 31

Muscles - Latin names referring to (action or function) muscles that flatten or lowers a part?

Answer 31

depressors e.g. corners of the mouth

Question 32

Muscles - Latin names referring to (action or function) muscles the produce a rotation?

Answer 32

rotators e.g. rotator muscles of vertebral column

Question 33

Muscles - Latin names referring to (action or function) muscles that allow extension (upward movement ) of the foot or toes?

Answer 33

dorsiflexors

Question 34

Muscles - Latin names referring to (action or function) muscles that bend the hand or fingers towards the palmar surface of the hand?

Answer 34

palmar flexors

Question 35

Muscles - Latin names referring to (orientation) meaning deep?

Answer 35

profundus

Question 36

Muscles - Latin names referring to (orientation) meaning superficial?

Answer 36

superficialis