Bones Exercises 1 Flashcards
The study of bones is called?
Osteology
The study of joints is called?
arthrology
The study of muscles is called?
myology
How many bones in the adult body?
206 - prior to birth, the skeleton is made up of flexible cartilage.
As the body grows (after birth) , ……. takes place as the cartilage is replaced by hard deposits of calcium etc which make up the bones.
ossification - in new born babies the body has 270 bones but many of these fuse as the child grows.
What are the smallest bones in the body?
Ossicles which are in the inner ear. Largest is the femurs (thigh bones)
There are two main divisions of the bones of the body and they are called?
The axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton.
Of the two main divisions of bones which division is made up of the skull, rib cage and vertebral column?
The axial skeleton - the remainder of the skeleton is the appendicular skeleton e.g. extremities
Bones are classified into 5 types, which type are these - femur, tibia, humerous, radius?
long bones - act as levers, are weight bearing & are important for blood cell synthesis.
Bones are classified into 5 types, which type are these - bones in the ankles and wrists?
short bones - small cube-shaped bones. There is very little range of movement between these bones.
Bones are classified into 5 types, which type are these - sternum, cranium, scapula, ribs?
flat bones - protection of organs.
Bones are classified into 5 types, which type are these - round bone masses embedded in tendons such as the patella?
sesamoid bones - small rounded bones.
There are 2 types of osseous tissue making up bones: what are they?
compact or hard bony tissue & cancellous or spongy tissue.
What sort of fracture is this? Fracture with an open wound?
Open fracture
What sort of fracture is this? The bone is broken but there is no open wound?
Closed fracture
What sort of fracture is this? A closed fracture that occurs when a strong muscle contraction pulls a tendon free resulting in a part of bone being broken off?
Avulsion - commonly occurs in atheletes
What sort of fracture is this? Bone fragments at the fracture site are completely separated?
Complete
What sort of fracture is this? involves injury to bones & other organs e.g. blood vessels, brain, lungs
complicated
What sort of fracture is this? another name for an open fracture?
compound
What sort of fracture is this? a closed fracture that occurs when bones are forced into each other crushing them?
compression
What sort of fracture is this? bone is broken into multiple fragments?
comminuted
What sort of fracture is this? an incomplete break, a bending of the bone?
greenstick
What sort of fracture is this? a closed fracture which occurs when force is applied to both ends of a bone, driving them into each other?
impacted
What sort of fracture is this? bone fragments at the fracture site are partially joined?
incomplete
What sort of fracture is this? a fracture that is caused because bones have been weakened by a disease process such as osteoporosis?
pathological
What sort of fracture is this? a closed non displaced fracture that does not require manipulation?
simple
What sort of fracture is this? part of the bone has been twisted?
spiral
What sort of fracture is this? a closed fracture, often just a hairline crack that occurs as a result of repetitive movements that strain on a body part/
transverse - common in athletes such as runners and ballet dancers.
