Muscle Balance Flashcards
Lower crossed syndrome involves weak ________ and ________, and tightened ________ and ________.
Abdominals, gluteus maximus, hip flexors, erector spinae
What are some examples of tonic/postural muscles in the pelvic/hip region?
Hamstrings
Iliopsoas
Piriformis
Tensor fascia lata
Rectus femorus
Thigh adductors
What is the muscle firing pattern of hip extension?
1) Hamstrings
2) Gluteus Maximus
3) Contralateral lumbar erector spinae
4) Ipsilateral lumbar erector spinae
A chronic facilitated muscle can lead to prolonged ________ of an antagonist and eventually muscle weakness.
Inhibition
Dysfunctions in hip extension can lead to ________ pelvic tilt, lumbar ________, and a number of other issues.
Anterior, hyperlordosis
What are some theoretical causes of muscle imbalance?
Dysregulation of the CNS
Postural adaptation to gravity
Change in mechanical behavior of joints
Habitual movement patters
Noxious stimuli
Muscle balance responds to physical demands
Psychological influences
Who first described upper and lower crossed syndromes?
Vladimir Janda, MD, DSc
What are some examples of dynamic/phasic muscles in the pelvic/hip region?
Vastus medialis/lateralis
Gluteus minimus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus maxiums
Upper crossed syndrome involves weak ________ and ________, and tightened ________ and ________.
Neck flexors, middle/lower trapezius, upper trapezius/levator scapulae, SCM/pectorals
How are upper and lower crossed syndrome treated? (In what sequence)
1) Core retraining
2) Stretch and lengthen hypertonic postural muscles
3) Activate and strengthen inhibited dynamic muscles
4) Maintenance (home exercises)
Contraction of a muscle involves reciprocal inhibition of the ________ antagonist and ________ agonist.
Ipsilateral, contralateral
