Muscle and Ligament Injury Flashcards
ligament connects
bone to bone
tendon connects
muscle to bone
ligament is primarily made of what
Type 1 collagen
How do the structure of ligaments compare to bone?
Ligaments have more variability and higher elastin content.
Explain what makes up tendons.
Type 1 collagen Paratenon - a rich capillary system
What is meant by viscoelasticity?
The material’s deformation and properties depend upon the load and the rate at which the load is applied.
Understanding the force and the rate that it is applied gives you an idea of the injury sustained.
Why is tendon and ligament grading carried out?
Helps guide treatment and aids communication.
Tendon grading
Explain ligament grading:
Grade 1 - A minor sprain.
Grade 2 - Severe sprain - partial tear.
Grade 3 - complete disruption of the ligament.
What is the healing potential of a tendon?
- How does it heal?
Healing potential is dependent on the grade of injury, decreases with higher grade.
- Healing is initiated by Fibroblasts & Macrophages (collagen producing cells) - Epitenion.
How long does it take for a tendon to repair and recover?
Repairs weakest at 7 - 10 days.
Regain most of original strength at 21 - 28 days.
Maximum strength at 6 months.
What is the healing potential of a damaged ligament?
Worse than tendon healing due to poorer blood supply.
What are the 3 phases of ligament healing?
- Inflammation.
- Repair - Type III collagen
- Remodelling - Type I collagen.
What is the role of physio in tendon healing?
Early mobilisation = good ROM.
Immobilisation = increase tendon substance strength BUT decreases strength at tendon-bone interface.
Different regimes exist for different tendons.
What is the role of physio in ligament healing?
Ligament healing benefits from normal stress and strain across the joint.
