Muscle Anatomy

Question 1

The fascicles are parallel to the long axis of the muscle. They are generally long strap like muscles that can generate much force. The strongest of these muscles are fusiform in shape;they are wide int he middle and taper at each end

Answer 1

Parallel

Question 2

These are fan like muscles. The fascicles are broad at the origin and taper to a narrow insertion. This arrangement functions to concentrate the force of the muscle contraction into a small area.

Answer 2

Convergent

Question 3

The fascicles are attached to a tendon in a feather like manner.

Answer 3

Pennate

Question 4

These are sphincter muscles. The fascicles surround an opening.

Answer 4

Circular

Question 5

When the occipitalis is contracted, it raises the eyebrows and wrinkles the skin of the forehead. When the occipitalis is relaxed it draws the skin anteriorly.

Answer 5

Frontalis

Question 6

It pulls the skin posteriorly.

Answer 6

Occipitalis

Question 7

Together they extend the head by flexing the cervical portion of the vertebral column. Alone they turn the head in the direction opposite of the contraction.

Answer 7

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 8

Acts with the masseter to raise and pull back the mandible.

Answer 8

Temporalis

Question 9

Raises and pulls back the lower mandible, closes the mouth, and clinches the teeth. It may also move the mandible from side to side.

Answer 9

Masseter

Question 10

Closes and protrudes the lips and pulls the lips back against the teeth.

Answer 10

Orbicularis oris

Question 11

Elevates and draws the scapula medially. It also extends and/or flexes the head.

Answer 11

Levator scapulae

Question 12

Extends the head when contracting together, and rotates the head when contracting singly.

Answer 12

Splenius capitis

Question 13

Elevates and helps the scapula rotate when adducting the arm.

Answer 13

Rhomboideus minor

Question 14

Depresses and abducts the scapula, rotates it down and stabilizes it.

Answer 14

Pectoralis minor

Question 15

Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates the humerus inward,

Answer 15

Pectoralis major

Question 16

Abducts the scapula and rotates it upward. It also lifts the ribs when the scapula is fixed

Answer 16

Serratus anterior

Question 17

Compresses the abdomen and can rotate the vertebral column

Answer 17

Internal and external obliques

Question 18

Flexes the lumbar region of the vertebral column and compresses the abdomen

Answer 18

Rectus abdominis

Question 19

Elevates and/or adducts the scapula, rotates the scalpula up or down, and draws the head back when the shoulders are fixed

Answer 19

Trapezius

Question 20

Elevates and rotates the scapula downward while adducting the arm

Answer 20

Rhomboideus major

Question 21

It laterally rotates and abducts the arm at the shoulder.

Answer 21

Infraspinatus

Question 22

Laterally rotates, extends, and adducts the humerus at the shoulder and stabilizes the elbow joint

Answer 22

Teres minor

Question 23

Assists the extension of the humerus, medially rotates the humerus, helps rotate the scapula downward

Answer 23

Teres major

Question 24

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm at the shoulder. Also draws the arm inferiorly and posteriorly.

Answer 24

Latissimus dorsi

Question 25

Connective tissue that acts as the origin for muscles of the lower back

Answer 25

Lumbodorsal fascia

Question 26

Abducts the arm at the shoulder, flexes and medially rotates the arm at the shoulder, and extends and laterally rotates the arm at the shoulder.

Answer 26

Deltoid

Question 27

Flexes the arm and forearm at the shoulder and elbow respectively and rotates the radius to supinate the hand

Answer 27

Biceps brachii

Question 28

Flexes the forearm at the elbow

Answer 28

Brachialis

Question 29

Antagonistic to the brachialis, extends the forearm and arm at the elbow and shoulder respectively.

Answer 29

Triceps brachii

Question 30

Extends and abducts the hand at the wrist functioning in radial hand movement at the wrist

Answer 30

Extensor carpi radialis

Question 31

Pronates the forearm and aids in flexing the forearm at the elbow

Answer 31

Pronator teres

Question 32

Flexes the forearm at the elbow and supinates and pronates the forearm at the joint between the radius and ulna so the forearm is in a neutral posistion

Answer 32

Brachioradialis

Question 33

Flexes and abducts the hand at the wrist

Answer 33

Flexor carpi radialis

Question 34

Aids the deltoid when abducting the arm at the humerus

Answer 34

Supraspinatus

Question 35

Extends the four medial digits, spreads the digits as it extends them, extends the wrist if the fingers are flexed.

Answer 35

Extensor digitorum

Question 36

Flexes and rotates the thigh away from the midline at the hip

Answer 36

Tensor fasciae latae

Question 37

Flexes and draws the thigh toward the midline at the hip and medially rotates the thigh.

Answer 37

Pectineus

Question 38

Laterally rotates the thigh toward the midline and flexes the thigh at the hip

Answer 38

Adductor longus

Question 39

Flexes the calf at the knee and flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates the thigh if flexed at the knee

Answer 39

Sartorius

Question 40

Extends the four lateral toes and everts the foot at the ankle

Answer 40

Extensor digitorum longus

Question 41

Extends the leg at the knee. Also flexes the thigh at the hip

Answer 41

Rectus femoris

Question 42

Laterally rotates and extends the thigh at the hip

Answer 42

Gluteus maximus

Question 43

Flexes the leg at the knee, extends the thigh at the hip, and medially rotates the thigh

Answer 43

Semitendinosus

Question 44

Flexes the leg at the knee, extends the thigh at the hip, and rotates the thigh laterally if flexed.

Answer 44

Biceps femoris

Question 45

Serves as the insertion point for the superficial muscles of the calf

Answer 45

Calcaneal tendon

Question 46

Extends the leg at the knee

Answer 46

Vastus medialis and vast us lateralis

Question 47

Plantar flexes the foot at the ankle and flexes the leg at the knee(when not bearing weight).

Answer 47

Gastrocnemius

Question 48

Plantar flexes the foot at the ankle, it is located beneath the gastocnemius

Answer 48

Soleus

Question 49

Dorsally flexes the foot at the ankle and inverts and adducts the foot

Answer 49

Tibialis anterior

Question 50

Everts and abducts the foot. It also weakly provides plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle and everts the foot at the intertarsal joints

Answer 50

Peroneus longus

Question 51

Flexes the leg at the knee, extends the thigh at the hip, and medially rotates the tibia

Answer 51

Semimembranosus

Question 52

Connects the tibial tuberosity to the quadriceps tendon

Answer 52

Patellar ligament