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MSK > Muscle > Flashcards

Muscle Flashcards

1
Q

Which muscle type(s) has striations?

A

Skeletal and cardiac

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2
Q

Which muscle type(s) are voluntary?

A

Skeletal

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3
Q

Where are the nuclei positioned in smooth muscle cells?

A

Central

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4
Q

Where are the nuclei positioned in skeletal muscle cells?

A

Peripherally

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5
Q

Where are the nuclei positioned in cardiac muscle cells?

A

Central

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6
Q

Which type of muscle is branched and contains intercalated discs?

A

Cardiac

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7
Q

Give the names of the parts of skeletal muscle in hierarchical order.

A

Myofibril
Muscle fibre (cell)
Fasciculus
Muscle belly

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8
Q

What is the sarcolemma?

A

Cell membrane of a muscle cell

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9
Q

What is the sarcoplasm?

A

Cytoplasm of muscle cell (between myofibrils)

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10
Q

What is the endomysium?

A

Area between muscle fibres!

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11
Q

What is the perimysium?

A

Area between fasciculi

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12
Q

What is the epimysium?

A

Deep fascia surrounding muscle

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13
Q

What are myofibrils composed of?

A

Sarcomeres joined end to end by Z-lines

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14
Q

Draw a sarcomere!

A

:)

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15
Q

What is the line in the middle of a sarcomere called?

A

M-line

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16
Q

What is the name of the area in the centre of the sarcomere where its only myosin?

A

H zone

17
Q

What is the name of the area at the edge of the sarcomere where its only actin?

A

I band

18
Q

What is the name of the area where actin and myosin overlap?

A

A band

19
Q

Describe actin.

A

Thin

20
Q

Describe myosin.

A

Thick, with myosin heads

21
Q

Name the 3 types of skeletal muscle.

A

Type 1
Type 2a
Type 2b

22
Q

Describe type 1 skeletal muscle.

A

SLOW TWITCH

fatigue resistant, many mitochondria and fat droplets

23
Q

Describe type 2a skeletal muscle.

A

FAST TWITCH

fatigue resistant

24
Q

Describe type 2b skeletal muscle.

A

FAST TWITCH

fatigable

25
Q

Which stains more darkly - type 1 or 2 skeletal muscle? Why?

A

Type 1 - more mitochondria so more fibrillar ATPase, so darker

26
Q

What is a sharpey fibre?

What’s it made of?

A

Connects muscle fibres to periosteum of bone.

Type I collagen

27
Q

What are tendons made of?

A

Parallel bundles of type I collagen

Interspersed with fibroblasts

28
Q

What is at the centre of each osteon?

A

Haversian canal - carries blood vessels, nerves and lymph into bone

29
Q

How can you differentiate types of cartilage histologically?

A

Hyaline - glassy appearance with blue staining Chondroblasts

Elastic - pink strands in blue matrix

Fibro - Strong pink staining bands

30
Q

What is muscle spindle?

A

Sensory receptors within the belly of the muscle that primarily detect changes in the length of the muscle

MSK (12 decks)

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