Muscarinic antagonists

Question 1

Atropine, homatropine, tropicamide: organ system, use

Answer 1

Organ system: Eye

Use: Produce mydriasis and cycloplegia (paralysis of ciliary muscle)

Question 2

Benztropine: organ system, use

Answer 2

Organ system: CNS

Use: Parkinson disease, Acute dystonia

Question 3

Glycopyrrolate: organ system, use

Answer 3

Organ system: GI, respiratory
Use: Parenteral: preoperative use to reduce airway secretions
Oral: drooling, peptic ulcer

Question 4

Hyoscyamine, dicyclomine: organ system, use

Answer 4

Organ system: GI

Use: Antispasmodics for IBS

Question 5

IPRAtropium, tiotropium: organ system, use

Answer 5

Organ system: Respiratory

Use: COPD, asthma (Ipra y I can breathe soon)

Question 6

Oxybutynin, solifenacin, tolterodine: organ system, use

Answer 6

Organ system: Genitourinary

Use: Reduce bladder spasms and urge urinary incontinence (overactive bladder)

Question 7

Scopolamine: organ system, use

Answer 7

Organ system: CNS

Use: Motion sickness

Question 8

Atropine in depth: acts on what systems?

Answer 8

Eye: pupil dilation, cycloplegia
Airway: decreases secretions
Stomach: decreases acid secretion
Gut: decreases motility
Bladder: decreases urgency in cystitis

Question 9

Atropine in depth: toxicity

Answer 9

Increases body temperature (due to decreased sweating)
Rapid pulse, dry mouth, dry/flushed skin, cycloplegia, constipation, disorientation
Can cause acute angle closure glaucoma in elderly (due to mydriasis), urinary retention in men with prostatic hyperplasia, and hyperthermia in infants
Hot as a hare
Dry as a bone
Red as a beet
Blind as a bat
Mad as a hatter