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SPR2015_Week2 > Murmurs Organized > Flashcards

Murmurs Organized Flashcards

1
Q

Valvular stenosis

A

tightness of valve incr pressure of blood thru valve

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2
Q

valvular insufficiency/regurg

A

leakiness, blood in opposite direction

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3
Q

S1

A

closing of mitral and tricuspid

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4
Q

M1 or T1 which is louder

A

M1 louder because higher pressure in left heart

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5
Q

S2

A

closing of aortic and pulmonic valve

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6
Q

A2 or P2 which is louder

A

A2 louder because higher pressure in left heart

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7
Q

Physiologic split S2

A

A2 occurs before P2 by significant difference due to INSPIRATION (incr venous return to right delays closing of P2)

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8
Q

S3

A

after S2 when passive large amount of blood strikes compliant LV

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9
Q

S3 found when

A

systolic HF due to compliant LV (dilation)

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10
Q

S4

A

before S1 when active atrial contraction forces blood into non-compliant LV

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11
Q

S4 found when

A

diastolic HF from severe LVH causing decr complaince of LV

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12
Q

any condition that creates a non-compliant LV (diastolic HF) will produce ___

A

S4

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13
Q

any condition that creates an overly compliant LV (systolic HF)

A

S3

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14
Q

systolic ejection click

A

bicuspid aortic valve

after S1 - doming of 2 leaflets before opening

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15
Q

mitral valve prolapse click

A

mid-systolic click then high-pitch murmur

due to mitral regurg

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16
Q

opening snap

A

mitral valve leaflets tense and dome into LV in early diastole

mitral stenosis

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17
Q

What happens between S1-S2

A

systole

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18
Q

What happens after S2

A

diastole

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19
Q

systole

A

between S1-S2

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20
Q

diastole

A

after S2

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21
Q

Aortic stenosis

describe

A

diamond mid systolic continuous

22
Q

aortic stenosis

auscult site

A

2nd RICS

23
Q

aortic stenosis change with respiration

A

expiration intensify murmur

24
Q

what can distinguish between mild and severe aortic stenosis

A

mild = peaks early in systole

severe = peaks late in systole

25
Q

pulmonic stenosis

describe

A

diamond midsystolic high pitch

26
Q

pulmonic stenosis

auscult site

A

2nd-3rd LICS

27
Q

pulmonic stenosis change with respiration

A

inspiration intensify murmur

28
Q

what can distinguish between mild and severe pulmonic stenosis

A

mild = peaks early in systole

severe = peaks late in systole

29
Q

Hypertrophic Obstructive cardiomyopathy murmur

A

midsystole, diamond, high pitch

30
Q

hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopahty

auscult site

A

left lower sternal border

31
Q

Mitral regurgitation

describe

A

holosystolic “blowing” high pitch

32
Q

mitral regurg

auscult site

A

apex

33
Q

mitral regurg

change with respiration

A

no change with inspiration

separate from tricuspid regurg

34
Q

tricuspid regurg

describe

A

holosystolic high pitch

35
Q

tricuspid regurg

auscult site

A

left lower sternal border radiate to right lower sternal border

36
Q

tricuspid regurg change with respiration

A

increased intensity with inspiration

37
Q

mitral valve prolapse

describe

A

midsystolic click then high pitch

tightening of chordae

due to mitral regurg

38
Q

mitral valve prolapse

auscult site

A

apex

39
Q

aortic regurg

describe

A

early diastolic, descrendo, high pitch

40
Q

aortic regurg

auscult site

A

left 3rd ICS

41
Q

aortic regurg

change with disease severity

A

as aortic regurg worsens, pressure btwn LV and aorta equalize so murmur shorter

42
Q

austin flint murmur

A

early diastolic rumble at apex due to regurgitant jet against mitral valve

43
Q

mitral stenosis

describe

A

diastolic descrendo rumble due to turbulence thru stenotic valve

opening snap due to high LA pressure

44
Q

mitral stenosis

auscult site

A

apex

45
Q

tricupsid stenosis

A

diastolic descrendo rumble due to turbulence thru stenotic valve

opening snap due to high RA pressure

46
Q

tricuspid stenosis

auscult site

A

left 4th iCS, lower sternal border

47
Q

tricuspid stenosis

change with respiration

A

inspiration incr intensity

48
Q

valsalva hemodynamic changes

A

decr LV preload

49
Q

valsalva distinguishes what

A

aortic stenosis from HOCM

aortic stenosis soften
HOCM loud

50
Q

squatting hemodynamic

A

return blood from leg to heart

incr LV preload, incr LV filling

51
Q

squatting distinguish what

A

decr HOCM (displaces outflow obstruction)

SPR2015_Week2 (19 decks)

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