Murmur

Question 1

How do you distinguish on auscultation the presentation of carotid artery stenosis vs. a heart murmur?

Answer 1

Bruit from carotid artery stenosis will be auscultated with the bell over the neck. Softer than murmur of AS.

Aortic stenosis murmur is heard over the 2nd interspace, right sternal edge. AS may radiate to the neck and the heart apex.

Question 2

What does valsalva do physiologically in the heart?

Answer 2

Increases intrathoracic pressure, which decreases venous return to the heart and decreases cardiac output.

Question 3

What murmurs does valsalva INC?

Answer 3

HOCM (LCHF)

Question 4

What murmurs does valsalva DEC?

Answer 4

Aortic Stenosis, Mitral Regurgitation, Pulmonic Stenosis

Clears innocent murmur