Murat Flashcards
Which of the following is related to delta waves appearing in EEG in polysomnography?
a) NREM-2
b) Wakefulness
c) NREM-3
d) REM
e) NREM 1
c) NREM-3
Which of the following pathways is not involved in involuntary movement mechanisms?
A) Rubrospinal tract B) Medullary reticulospinal tract C) Lateral vestibulospinal tract D) Tectospinal tract E) Corticaspinal tract
E) Corticaspinal tract
Which of the following neurotransmitter-function mechanisms of Reticular Formation is not correct?
A) Acetylcholine: Selective attention, learning and memory.
B) Adrenalin: During waking and slow wave sleep.
C) Serotonin (5-TH): Sleep, processing sensory information (pain).
D) Histamine: Maintaining arousal of the forebrain.
E) Glutamate: It shows inhibitory effect with GABA.
E) Glutamate: It shows inhibitory effect with GABA.
Which of the following is not a structure of Descending Analgesic System?
A) PAG ( periacuaductal gray matter ) B) Locus Cereleus C) Reticular Formation D) Raphei Nucleus E) Paleospinothalamic Pathway
E) Paleospinothalamic Pathway
Which of the following sensory pathways sections and functions is wrong?
A) Sensory receptors are activated environmental stimuli.
B) First order receives the neurons signal an sends it to CNS.
C) Second order neurons carry the information to thalamus.
D) Third order neurons are located in the cerebral cortex and received information.
E) Fourth order neurons are located sensory cerebral cortex-conscious perception of the stimulus.
D) Third order neurons are located in the cerebral cortex and received information.
Which of the following structures contains mostly melatonin receptors?
A) Brain stem B) Hypothalamus C) Reticular Formation D) Supra Chiasmatic Nucleus (SCN) E) Ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO)
D) Supra Chiasmatic Nucleus (SCN)
Which of the following is related to delta waves appearing in EEG in polysomnography?
A) Wakefulness B) NREM-1 C) NREM-2 D) NREM-3 E) REM
D) NREM-3
Which of the following functions does not occur through the Beta-1 receptor?
A) Renin secretion increase B) Lipolysis C) Ejaculation D) Increased heart rate E) Increased cardiac contractility
C) Ejaculation
Which of the following receptors has been localized in both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system autonomous ganglia?
A) M3 B) M2 C) NN D) Alpha-2 E) Beta-2
C) NN
Which of the following brain structures plays a central role in the limbic system?
A) Hypothalamus B) Hippocampus C) Uncus D) Parahipocampal gyrus E) Cingulate gyrus
A) Hypothalamus
Which of the following is the fear-related part of the limbic system?
A) Amygdala B) Fornix C) Cingulum D) Dentate gyrus E) Septum area
A) Amygdala
Which of the following is the structure that controls the transmission of sensory information from the thalamus to the cortex during wakefulness?
A) Pons and midbrain B) Hypothalamus C) Supraoptic nucleus D) Hypophysis E) Preoptic area
A) Pons and midbrain
Which of the following RAS neurotransmitters causes waking and slow-wave sleep?
a) Noradrenaline
b) Histamine
C) Seratonin (5-HT)
d) Acetylcolin
e) Glutamate
a) Noradrenaline
“Terror, pain, fear, defense and escape reactions” arise with the interaction of the following brain regions?
a) Somatic cortex
b) Primary motor cortex
c) Retcular activating system
d) Limbic system- brainstem and autonomic nervous system
e) Hypotalamo-pituitary system
d) Limbic system- brainstem and autonomic nervous system
Neuroradiologists, neurologists, and neurosurgeons detected a tumor in the premotor region of the brain just in front of the motor cortex. What might be the most important complaint (1) and physical examination finding (2) of this patient?
a) O Not obeying grammar while reading (1), pure Alexia (2)
b) Difficulty understanding the meanings of words (1), wernicke’s aphasia (2)
c) Difficulty in pronunciation of words (1), agramatism (2)
d) Hand movements become uncoordinated and aimless(1), motor apraxia (2)
e) Facial muscles cannot give emotional expression(1), autistic face (2)
d) Hand movements become uncoordinated and aimless(1), motor apraxia (2)
