Mung beans Flashcards
Nutrient source in Moong bean
Green gram is rich in Protein (20 to 25%)
• rich source of Vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B6, C, E, and K)
• It also contain minerals like Calcium, Iron, Magnesium,
Potassium, Phosphorous and little quantity of Zinc
• good source of fiber and iron
Uses
Mung bean flour is made by dehulling the beans
which is used to make paste.
• The paste prepared can be used for making ice
cream, porridge, pancake
• Mung bean when splitted gives good quality dal
which is rich in protein.
• The bean can also be fried and eaten.
• Mung bean are also used for preparing bean
sprout.(4hrs in day light and rest in night)
• useful in lowering blood pressure
• easily digestible and is recommended to aged or
ill people
Botanical description
Common name: Mung bean/green gram Botanical name: Vigna radiata belong to Subfamily: Papilionoidea Genus: Vigna Species: radiata Origin: Indian sub-continent Bhutan- not grown in large area but the farmer in the Southern and eastern Bhutan grow for self consumption
plant characteristic
Profusely branched with tendency to twine
– Deep rooted but confined to 30cm
– Leaves alternate, trifoliate & dark green
– Plant height from 30- 120cm
– Flowers are auxiliary or terminal racemes in clusters of
10-25 (greenish to bright yellow)
– Each pod contains 10-20 globose or oblong seeds
– Seed weight varies from 15 to 40mg (15 to 40g/1000)
Climatic and Soil Requirement
Warm humid type of climate
• Temperature requirement is 25°C - 35°C
• Rainfall: 85 - 100mm well distributed throughout the growing season
• Rains during flowering detrimental for good crop yield
• wide range of soils, from black cotton soil to red soil
• best production: well drained loamy to sandy loamy soil
• Avoid water logging soil and saline soil
• The pH of the soil must be 6-7 range
Land Preparation and sowing
Generally depends up on season
• Deep ploughing once (conventional)
• Reduced tillage is also practiced (organic)
• soil is brought to fine tilt by harrowing
• intercropping – ridges & furrows
•
• In Bhutan,sowing is done in August to September
• Sowing done either by broadcasting or row sowing (seed drill)
• Can be grown around the bund of the terrace
• About 8 to 10 kg seed is sufficient to grow 1acre land
• Spacing: depends on types and varieties, normally 30 to 40cm between row and
10cm between plants
• Depth of seed must be 1 to 1.5cm
Seed treatment
Seed treatment is done to kill seed borne pathogen
• treating seeds with Thiram or Carbandazim @ 2g/kg of seed 1
day before sowing
• Seed treatment can also be done with biocontrol agent like
Psudonomus fluorescens @ 10g/kg seed or Trichoderma viride@
4g/kg of seed
• it is always good to treat with Rhizobium which helps in Nitrogen
fixation
Nutrient Managemen
Removal of 40-42kg N; 3-5kg P; 12-14kg K /t of grain
• Apply 5 to 10 ton of Farm Yard Manure at the time of land
preparation
• apply 12.5Kg Nitrogen as starter dose, 25kg Phosphorous and
12.5kg Potassium.
• Like other legume Green gram also make most of Nitrogen
requirement through Nitrogen fixation
Water Management
Irrigation is done after sowing, followed by light irrigation on 3rd
day.
• Irrigate at intervals of 6 to 9 days depending upon climatic
conditions and soil type.
• Critical stage: at flowering and pod formation
• Soil must have good drainage at all stages of plants growth
Weed Management
During the early growth of the plants there is weed problem.
• Usually, early 30 to 45 DAS is critical time where weeding must be
carried out.
• Weed can be managed by many methods but what our farmer
practice is hand hoeing/ hand removal of weeds.
• If you are using pre-emergence herbicides it must be applied 3DAS
as there are many chances that it may damage seedling.
• Pre emergence application of Fluchloralin 0.75 kg or Pendimethalin
0.75kg
Pest and disease Management
Pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera)
• Defoliation in early stages,
• The head of larva thrust inside the pod
and rest of the body hanging out.
• Pod with round hole.
• Control: Collection of larva and destroy
• Pheromone trap for Helicoverpa @ 6/acr
Stem fly
• It affects the plants at the early stages leading
to drying and withering.
• Other pest includes Leaf minor, leaf hopper,
aphids,
• These pest can be controlled by applying
pesticides like Dimethoate @ 2ml/liter of
water.
• Or Phosphomidan @ 2ml/ liter of water
Yellow mosaic The infected plants show yellow mottled symptoms. • Disease is transmitted by white fly (Bemisia tabaci) • Control: growing maize or sorghum as border crops • Installation of yellow sticky traps • Uprooting the infected plants
Rust Caused by (Uromyces phaseoli) • Circular reddish brown pustules which appear commonly on underside of the leaves. • Shriveling followed by defoliation. • Spray fungicides like mencozeb@700g/acre
Anthracnose
Caused by (Collectotrichum lindemuthianum)
• black sunken spot with dark center and bright
red margin on leaves and pods.
• Control: seed treatment with Carbandazim @
2g/kg of seed.
• Spray Mancozeb 2g/liter of water and spray on
the plants.
Harvesting
85 - 95% of pod are fully matured
• Late harvest lead to shattering of pods
• Avoid seed lost due to pod split by harvesting when
seed moisture content is 14 to 16%
• Harvesting is done by cutting the plant or uprooting
the plants.
• After harvesting the plant are heaped for drying.
• When pod are really dried thrashing is done with
help of bullock or in a machine.
• Green gram yield may differ but the average yield 5
to 7quintals/acre
Storage
After complete sun drying pod are thrashed.
• Seeds are winnowed and dried under sun until it reaches
moisture lebel of 10 to 13%.
• Seeds are mixed with ash or sand to protect from storage
pest.
• Seeds are then stored in gunny bag and kept in clean
ventilated room
