Multisystem Autoimmune Disease Flashcards
true or false
system lupus erythematous affects women more than men
true
how does SLE affect the nervous system?
> cranial nerve lesions > peripheral neuropathy > ataxia > fits > hemiplegia
describe the rash often presenting on the face in SLE
a butterfly rash across the nose and cheeks (photosensitive)
what skin changes may be seen in SLE?
> vasculitis
purpura
urticaria
how may SLE affect the chest?
> fibrosis
effusions
pleurisy
how may SLE affect the joints?
> arthritis of the small joints
> aseptic necrosis of the hip
how may SLE affect the blood?
> anaemia
leukopenia
thrombocytopenia
true or false
SLE can cause Raynaud’s
true
what affect does SLE have on the heart?
> pericarditis
endocarditis
aortic valve lesions
true or false
SLE causes increase in hair growth
false it can cause alopecia
true or false
scleroderma affects men more than women
false
in limited scleroderma to what is the disease limited to?
the hands and forearms
how does scleroderma present?
> raynauds > oesophageal thickening > abnormal peristalsis > sclerodactyly > telangiectasia > morphea > calcinosis (calcium deposits, very sore)
describe diffuse scleroderma
this is the same as limited except across the whole body
what is a complication of limited scleroderma?
pulmonary hypertension
what are some complications of diffuse scleroderma>
> small bowel bacterial overgrowth
renal crisis
pulmonary fibrosis
what changes occur to the parotid gland in sjogrens syndrome?
there is emlargement
what systemic systems may occur in sjogrens syndrome?
> fatigue
fever
myalgia
arthralgia
what GI symptoms occur in sjogrens syndrome?
> dysphagia
> abnormal oesophageal motility
what resp. conditions occur in sjogrens syndrome?
interstitial lung disease
how does sjogrens syndrome affect the peripheral nervous system?
> sensory neuropathy
> mononeuritis multiplex
how does sjogrens syndrome affect he central nervous system?
> fits
ataxia
hemiplegia
cranial nerve lesion
how does sjogrens syndrome affect the skin?
> palpable purpura
> raynauds syndrome
what are the joint manifestations of sjogrens syndrome?
arthralgia
how does sjogrens syndrome affect the kidneys?
it causes tubular necrosis
what complications can occur in sjogrens syndrome?
> lymphoma
neuropathy
interstitial lung disease
renal tubular acidosis
how does autoimmune myositis present?
muscle weakness
> diffuse
> proximal
> symmetrical
dermamyositis
> gottrons papules
polymyositis
what are the complications of autoimmune myositis?
> interstitial lung disease
> cancer
what is the classification criteria for giant cell arteritis?
3 or more of: > ESR 50 or more > abnormal temporal biopsy > tender temporal artery > reduced pulsation of the temporal artery > more than 50 years of age
name some ANCA associated vasculitis
> granulomatosis with polyangiitis
microscopic polyangiitis
eosinophilic granulomatosis
what is granulomatosis with polyangiitis?
necrotising granulomatous inflammation usually involving the upper resp. tract
how does granulomatosis polyangiitis commonly present?
necrotising glomerulonephritis
what is microscopic polyangiitis?
necrotising fasciitis with few or no immune deposits. necrotising arteries may be present and granulomatous inflammation is absent
what is eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis?
eosinophilic rich and necrotising granulomatous inflammation often involving the resp. tract
what is the 5 year damage of ANCA associated vasculitis?
> end stage renal disease > hearing loss > lung damage > malignancy > nerve damage
how might you treat mild multisystem autoimmune disease?
hydrocychlorquine
how may you treat moderate multisystem autoimmune disease?
> methotrexate
azathioprine
mycophenolate
what might you treat severe multisystem autoimmune disease?
> cyclophosphamide
> rituximab
