Multiple Choice Wtudy Guide Civil Rights

Question 1

What are Civil Rights?

Answer 1

Protections from discrimination based on race.

Question 2

What is the Americans with Disabilities Act?

Answer 2

No discrimination in employment based on a disability.

It was issued in 1990.

Question 3

What was the Emancipation Proclamation and when did it occur?

Answer 3

It was issued by President Lincoln in 1863 and it freed slaves in states that had rebelled against the Union.

Question 4

What were black codes?

Answer 4

Laws enacted right after the Civil War by former slave states to restrict the freedom of black citizens.

Question 5

What were Jim Crow laws?

Answer 5

Laws enforcing segregation in the South that came into play after Plessy v. Ferguson.

Question 6

Describe ways black citizens were denied the right to vote.

Answer 6

Literacy tests and violence.

Question 7

What was legal segregation?

Answer 7

Separation by law of individuals based on race.

Same as de jure segregation.

Question 8

What was de jure segregation?

Answer 8

Segregation that is enforced by law.

Question 9

What was de facto segregation?

Answer 9

Segregation based on patterns that occurred without legal enforcement.

Question 10

What is affirmative action?

Answer 10

Affirmative action refers to acts aimed at expanding opportunities for women and minority groups to overcome the effects of discrimination.

Question 11

What do proponents of affirmative action believe?

Answer 11

Proponents believe it is necessary to make up for the consequences of past discrimination to achieve greater equality and diversity.

Question 12

What do opponents of affirmative action believe?

Answer 12

Opponents believe it constitutes reverse discrimination.

Question 13

How did the Supreme Court rule regarding affirmative action in the case of Regents of the University of California vs. Bakke?

Answer 13

The Supreme Court ruled that racial quotas are unconstitutional.

Question 14

How did the Supreme Court rule regarding affirmative action in the case of Regents of the University of Michigan vs. Gratz?

Answer 14

The Supreme Court ruled that the undergraduate admissions policy was unconstitutional but upheld the graduate schools’ admission policy.

Question 15

What is a social movement?

Answer 15

A social movement is a large group of citizens organizing for political change.

Question 16

What is civil disobedience?

Answer 16

Civil disobedience is the non-violent, intentional breaking of laws that individuals consider unjust.

Question 17

Why was Rosa Parks arrested in 1955?

Answer 17

Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a segregated bus.

Question 18

What occurred to the segregation of the Montgomery bus system in the 1950s?

Answer 18

The boycott lasted over a year until the court ruled that the segregation on the bus was unconstitutional.

Question 19

What was the Southern Christian Leadership Conference?

Answer 19

Organization devoted to challenging racial segregation and advocating for civil rights.

Question 20

What methods did Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. use to challenge unjust laws?

Answer 20

Largely civil disobedience.

He faced violence, imprisonment, and threats.

Question 21

List several methods of civil disobedience in the South in the 1950s and 1960s.

Answer 21

Boycotts, Freedom Riders, Sit-ins, Refusing to sit in a different section.

Question 22

What occurred in the 1960s as part of the women’s rights movement?

Answer 22

A wave of the women’s rights movement.

Question 23

What was the book ‘The Feminine Mystique’ about and who wrote it?

Answer 23

‘The Feminine Mystique’ was about many women not being happy being housewives.

It was written by Betty Friedan.

Question 24

What is NOW?

Answer 24

National Organization for Women.

Fought for equal rights for women and to end discrimination.

Question 25

What is the Equal Rights Amendment?

Answer 25

Equality of rights shall not be denied by the U.S. or any state based on sex.

Question 26

What did the 13th Amendment accomplish?

Answer 26

Banned slavery in the United States.

Question 27

What are the four parts of the 14th Amendment?

Answer 27

1. U.S. citizenship for anyone born in the U.S. 2. Due process of law 3. No state can deny someone the privileges and immunities of the U.S. 4. Equal protection of the laws.

Question 28

What does the 15th Amendment state?

Answer 28

No one can be denied the right to vote based on race or being a previous slave.

Question 29

What did the 19th Amendment achieve?

Answer 29

Gave women the right to vote.

Question 30

What is the significance of the 24th Amendment?

Answer 30

Banned poll taxes for all federal elections.

Question 31

What change did the 26th Amendment make?

Answer 31

Lowered the voting age from 21 to 18.

Question 32

What was the outcome of Dred Scott vs. Sanford?

Answer 32

Slaves could not become citizens of the United States.

Question 33

What was established in Plessy vs. Ferguson?

Answer 33

Legalized segregation under the doctrine of 'separate but equal'.

Question 34

What was the ruling in Brown vs. Board of Education?

Answer 34

Legal segregation in public schools was declared illegal under the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment.

Question 35

What did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibit?

Answer 35

It prohibited employment discrimination based on race or sex and outlawed segregation in all businesses and public places.

Question 36

What was the impact of the Voting Rights Act of 1965?

Answer 36

It had a significant impact on voting by Black Americans and outlawed literacy tests.

Question 37

What does Title IX (9)of the Educational Amendments of 1972 prohibit?

Answer 37

It prohibits sex discrimination in education and provides a list of sports programs for girls.

Question 38

Who were some of the main leaders of the women's suffrage movement?

Answer 38

Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Sojourner Truth.

Question 39

What was the focus of the first wave of the women's rights movement?

Answer 39

The first wave was focused on getting the right to vote.

Question 40

What was the focus of the second wave of the women's rights movement?

Answer 40

The second wave focused on equality in employment.

Question 41

What was the NAACP?

Answer 41

The NAACP was a group that pushed for equal facilities for Black citizens and argued that segregation was unconstitutional.