Multiple Choice Test Chapter 10 Flashcards
What is political culture?
Beliefs, traditions, and values that define the relationship between citizens and government.
What is individualism?
Belief that individuals should be responsible for themselves and their decisions.
What is equality of opportunity?
Everyone should have a chance to succeed.
What is free enterprise/laissez faire?
The government does not set wages, prices, and production. Economic questions are left to individuals and businesses.
What is rule of law?
The law applies to everyone, even officials.
What is limited government?
Humans have inherent rights that cannot be taken away.
What is political socialization?
The experiences and factors that shape an individual’s political values, attitudes, and behaviors.
What is a political ideology?
An individual’s coherent set of beliefs about government and politics.
What are the most important factors of political socialization?
Family.
What is the generational effect?
The impact of historical events experienced by a generation upon their political views.
What is the life-cycle effect?
The impact of a person’s age and stage in life on his or her political views.
What trend has occurred for public trust in government since the 1950s?
It has decreased.
What is globalization?
Increasing interconnectedness of people, businesses, cultures, and countries throughout the world.
Globalization holds nations accountable and discourages human rights violations.
What role does China have in the world today?
Global economic power that has built up military strength.
What role does Russia have in the world today?
Aggressively asserts its own interests in Europe.
What role does the European Union have in the world today?
Global economic power with lots of cultural influence.
What are multinational corporations?
Companies that make, transport, and market goods and services in two or more countries.
What are nongovernmental organizations?
Independent groups outside of the government that work toward public causes.
What are intergovernmental organizations?
Organizations formed by multiple countries to work together on common issues.
What is free trade?
Fewer restrictions on the flow of goods and services across national borders.
What was NAFTA?
A free trade agreement between the US, Canada, and Mexico.
What was NAFTA replaced by?
NAFTA was replaced by USMCA.
What is outsourcing?
Occurs when a company moves its business to a place where labor costs are cheaper or production is more efficient because workers work longer hours.
For an effective representative democracy
Voters must have opinions and preferences that can be communicated to representatives
What is public opinion?
An individual’s attitudes about government and policies.
Includes the wishes of the constituents.
What are two components of public opinion?
Beliefs and attitudes.
The blending of these preferences into a larger concept.
What is a focus group?
A small group of individuals assembled for a conversation about specific issues.
What is a scientific poll?
Takes a representative sample of randomly selected respondents with a statistically significant sample size, using neutral language.
What is a sample? How large is a sample generally in a survey?
The people they are actually asking. About 15,000 people.
What is random selection?
A method of choosing people that doesn’t over or under represent any group of the population.
What is a representative sample?
The sample reflects the demographics of the population.
What is sampling error?
If the polling results are within 3%, it is considered too close to call.
What are entrance surveys?
A poll conducted of people who are coming into an event.
What are exit polls?
Surveys conducted after individuals have voted, asking why they voted as they did.
What are benchmark polls?
Surveys taken at the beginning of a political campaign to determine candidate support and main issues.
What are tracking polls?
Surveys that measure support for a candidate or issue over the length of a campaign.
What is random digit dialing?
Use of telephone numbers to select respondents.
A weakness is that many people ignore the calls.
How can question order and question wording affect the results of a survey?
Certain words can affect the way that the person responds.
How does party identification affect public opinion?
Party identification is one of the largest predictors of public opinion.
Give several factors of how public opinion is divided.
Public opinion is divided along racial, ethnic, gender, socioeconomic, and age lines.
What is the ‘gender gap’?
Women on average lean more Democrat, while men lean more Republican.
Why is public opinion measured?
It is used by researchers, candidates, interest groups, and media to know what people’s opinions are.
