Multiple choice questions Flashcards
As instrumentation improved, the quality of data collected meant that scientific predictions became more…
Imprecise
The belief that accurate knowledge of the world can be obtained by simply trusting the views and opinions of more experienced people is called….
dogmatism
The property of a measuring device to measure the same way each time it is used is called…
Reliability
Correlation is…
A pattern of covariation between 2 variables
The third variable problem refers to…
The fact that a causal relationship between two variables cannot be inferred from the correlation between two variables
Generalizability is synomous with the concept of….
External validity
What do correlation coefficients reveal about the correlation between two variables?
Direction
What are the odds that psychologists typically use to determine if random assignment has failed in an experiment?
5% chance that it has failed
The law of larger numbers urges researchers to…
Take larger samples from a population rather than smaller ones when studying a question of interest
What is the process whereby qualitative researchers check the reliability of their data collection?
Triangulation
The difference in electrical charge between the inside and the outside of the neurons cell membrane is called the…
resting potential
At rest there is a higher concentration of … on the inside of the cell membrane of the neurone and … on the outside of the cell membrane of the neuron
K+, Na+
What neurotransmitter is closely associated with pleasure and motivation
Dopamine
…. is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain where as …. is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain
Glutamate
GABA
What part of the brain relays and filters information from the senses and transmits the information to the cerebral cortex?
Thalamus
Which part of the brain attaches significance to previously neutral events that are associated with fear, punishment or reward?
Amygdala
The smooth raised surface of the cerebral cortex are called…. and the indentations or fissures are called….
Gyri
Sulci
What areas of the brain are the regions composed of neurons that help provide sense and meaning to information registered in the cortex?
Association areas
The phantom limb syndrome can be explained by brain plasticity in which region of the cortex?
Somatosensory
…. are strands of DNA wound around each other in a double helix configuration
Chromosomes
Your biological sex would be male if you recited an additional… from your father
Y chromosome
The researcher who developed an approach to measuring sensation and perception called psychophysics was…
Gustav Fcher
What is transduction?
The process that changes physical signals in the environment to neural signals that go to the brain
The eye contains…. rods than cones
Many more rods than cones
What is the cornea in the eye?
A clear, smooth outer tissue which bends the light and sends it through the pupil where it proceeds to the retina and then to the brain
Which is the brain pathway that enables us to identify the location and motion of an object?
The dorsal steam- what it is and where it is
What is the binding problem in perception?
Concerns how features are linked together so that we see unified objects in our visual world rather than free floating or miscombined features
What is an illusory conjunction?
A perceptual mistake where features from multiple objects are incorrectly combined
Which region of the brain is particularly active during face processing?
fusiform gyrus
When you moved from the countryside into the city you found the noise of traffic kept you awake but after a while you slept through it. You benefited from….
Habituation- the gradual reduction in response after repeated or prolonged exposure to stimulus
During … typically there is a gradual increase in learning which starts low, rises rapidly, and then slowly tapers off
Acquisition- a period of training in which the association of the CS and US is learned over time
Which part of the brain is essential to fear conditioning?
Amygdala
Behaviour that requires an organism to act, solve a problem or otherwise manipulate elements of its environment is called
Instrumental behaviour
What is the role of the reticular formation?
Located in te medulla and regulates sleep, wakefulness and arousal
Who was the discoverer of the general intelligence factor, g?
Charles Spearman
What is the ratio IQ score?
Used to describe intelligence levels of adults
The first intelligence test was created to…
Identify children who needed remedial educational programs
What does the 2 factor theory of intelligence suggest?
Intelligence is not a single, general ability
What is personality?
An individuals characteristic style of behaving, thinking and feeling
Which of the factors of the big 5 shows the highest degree of heritability
extroversion
Which defence mechanism did Freud believe is the default mechanism?
Repression
What is narcissism?
A self serving bias with implicit egotism
