Multiple Choice Questions Flashcards
1
Q
Solon brought which of the following reforms
to Athens after 594 B.C.E.?
A) Representative democracy
B)The creation of debt slavery as a way of
helping the poor pay off loans
C)The right of all citizens to participate in
the Assembly
D)Limited political rights for elite Athenian
women
A
C
2
Q
Which of the following represents a defining characteristic of an empire? A) A state that forms as a democratic republic but is eventually seized and ruled over by a single ruler B) A state formed through conquest and maintained through the extraction of resources from conquered states and peoples C) A single ethnic group with a single language, religion, and identity D)A conglomeration of independent states that form temporary alliances
A
B
3
Q
In contrast to the Persian Empire, the political
culture of classical Greek civilization
A )emphasized the absolute power of the monarch.
B) allowed for the limited participation of
women in public assemblies.
C) featured popular participation in politics.
D) relied heavily on satraps to administer
their states.
A
C
4
Q
Which of the following was a unique feature of political life in classical Greece? A ) The granting of limited political rights to slaves B ) Representative democracy C ) The idea of free male citizens running the affairs of state D ) The universal right to vote for all men and women above the age of sixteen
A
C
5
Q
Which of the following was true of both the Roman and the Chinese Empires? A ) They exhausted themselves through frequent indecisive wars with India. B ) They invoked supernatural sanctions to support their rule. C ) They evolved from republican traditions into empires ruled by single rulers. D ) Their economies relied heavily on slave labor.
A
B
6
Q
Persian political organization included which of the following features? A ) An emperor who was little more than a figurehead B ) Lower-level officials drawn from local authorities C ) A civil service examination system D ) A written constitution
A
B
7
Q
A major development that occurred during the Hellenistic era was A ) Sparta’s defeat of Athens in the Peloponnesian War. B ) the spread of Greek culture throughout most of the ancient world. C ) the Mongol conquest of Europe. D ) the expansion of the Roman Empire to its greatest height.
A
B
8
Q
What did the Persian Empire share in common with classical Greece in 500 B.C.E.? A ) Both had a centralized political system. B ) Both were expansive civilizations. C ) Both possessed a strong sense of citizenship. D ) Both were ethnically homogenous.
A
B
9
Q
The Persian Empire and the Mauryan dynasty
were similar in that both
A ) defined the right of the emperor to rule through the Mandate of Heaven. B ) controlled parts of eastern China. C ) relied on imperial spies to keep tabs on distant provinces. D ) ultimately evolved into republican governments.
A
C
10
Q
Which of the following was a motivation for the expansion of the Roman Empire? A ) The wealth of the eastern Mediterranean societies B ) The spread of Roman religion C ) Rejection of Greek culture and philosophy D ) The threat of Persia
A
A
11
Q
Which of the following represents a value of the Roman Republic, idealized as “the way of the ancestors”? A ) Aristocratic privilege B ) Rule of law C ) Liberty D ) Benevolence
A
B
12
Q
Which of the following was a major avenue for
the spread of Greek culture in the empire
established by the Macedonians?
A Cities
) B ) Rivers C ) Legalism D ) Public assemblies
A
A
13
Q
When Germanic tribes entered into the western part of the Roman Empire, they A ) were rapidly assimilated into Roman culture. B ) ensured that slaves continued to make up a large portion of society. C ) rejected all of Roman culture, instead imposing their own culture. D )produced a hybrid culture that drew on both Germanic and Roman elements.
A
D
14
Q
Which of the following was a characteristic of all classical empires? A ) There was equality under the law for all subjects. B ) Emperors were constrained by the Mandate of Heaven. C ) They all imposed a single religion and language for the empire. D ) They were powerful states capable of coercing resources from subjects.
A
D
15
Q
Which of the following describes the Persian policy towards people with different cultural traditions who lived within the empire? A ) Taxation of those who continued to practice non-Persian traditions B ) Suppression and elimination of non- Persian traditions C ) Respect and tolerance for non-Persian traditions D ) Forced assimilation to the Persian way of life
A
C
16
Q
Which foreign religious tradition was absorbed into China during the classical period? A ) Hinduism B ) The Isis cult C ) Buddhism D ) Christianity
A
C
17
Q
Which of the following has been put forward to explain why empires were much less prominent in India than in China? A ) India’s unparalleled cultural diversity B ) The lack of invasions from Central Asia into the Indian subcontinent C ) India’s lack of a well-defined social structure D ) The absence of any tradition of large states in India
A
A
18
Q
Which of the following is an example of the centralization of the Chinese state under Qin Shihuangdi? A ) Establishment of the Senate, consuls, and public assemblies B ) Participation of the lower classes in shaping public policy C ) Standardization of weights, measures, and currency D ) Elimination of the office of tribune
A
C
19
Q
Which of the following was a consequence of the Greco-Persian Wars? A ) The decline of Athenian democracy B ) The end of the Golden Age of Greek culture C ) The Greek settlement of Ionia D ) The notion of an East/West divide
A
D
20
Q
In contrast to the Roman Empire, the process of empire formation in China A ) was less dependent on military force. B ) had precedents to follow. C ) involved the absorption of a foreign religious tradition. D ) took centuries to complete.
A
B
21
Q
Which of the following expresses the basic difference between what the Roman Empire and the Han dynasty believed was the key to good government? A ) The Roman Empire empowered the bureaucracy while the Han dynasty empowered the people. B ) The Roman Empire depended on a merit- based system of political recruitment while the Han dynasty limited political office to the aristocracy. C ) The Roman Empire believed in the separation of church and state while the Han dynasty made religion the basis of government. D ) The Roman Empire emphasized good laws while the Han dynasty emphasized good men.
A
D
22
Q
The conquests of which leader contributed to the widespread dissemination of Greek culture during the Hellenistic era? A ) Qin Shihuangdi B ) Ashoka C ) Caesar Augustus D ) Alexander the Great
A
D
23
Q
In what respect did India’s political history resemble that of Western Europe? A ) Both enjoyed long periods of peace and stability under republican forms of government. B ) Both created enduring civilizations in the absence of a consistent, encompassing imperial state. C ) Both successfully resisted foreign rule and domination. D ) Both possessed a high degree of ethnic and cultural homogeneity that found expression in a centralized state.
A
B
24
Q
Based on the information provided in Map 3.5
in the textbook, the leaders of China were most
concerned about a foreign invasion coming
from which direction?
A
)
North
B
)
East C ) South D ) West
A
A
25
```
Which of the following had an important
influence on the Chinese imperial state?
A
)
Democracy
B
)
Republicanism
C
)
Legalism
D
)
Caste system
```
D
26
```
Which of the following represents a period
during which most of the South Asian
subcontinent was unified under a single
imperial state?
A
)
Han dynasty
B
)
Roman Empire
C
)
Mauryan Empire
D
)
Persian Empire
```
C
27
```
Athens’ leadership in which event launched
Athens on a path to establish its dominance
over other city-states in the region?
A
)
Greco-Persian Wars
B
)
Peloponnesian War
C
)
Pax Romana
D
)
The Macedonian invasion of Greece
```
C
28
```
When the Roman Empire disintegrated in 476
C.E., the eastern part of the empire came to be
known as
A
)
the Holy Roman Empire.
B
)
the Byzantine Empire.
C
)
the Gupta Empire.
D
)
Macedonia.
```
B
29
```
Which of the following had the weakest
tradition of rule by monarchs?
A
)
Persian Empire
B
)
Han dynasty
C
)
Gupta Empire
D
)
Athens
```
D
30
```
In contrast to what followed after the collapse
of the Han dynasty in China, the collapse of the
Roman Empire
A
)
led to the emergence of highly
decentralized political systems.
B
)
caused an increase in population growth.
C
)
ushered in a new phase of stability.
D
)
produced a culturally homogenous
civilization.
```
A
31
```
“It is true that we are called a democracy, for
the administration is in the hands of the many
and not of the few.” This statement was made
in reference to
A
)
the Persian Empire.
B
)
the Roman Empire.
C
)
Sparta.
D
)
Athens.
```
D
32
```
The Chinese scholar Han Fei’s definition of the
“two handles” of chastisement and
commendation refers to
A
)
the use of moral principles instead of
legal principles to control people’s
behavior.
B
)
the blending of democratic and autocratic
elements in republican forms of
government.
C
)
a system of rewards and punishments
controlled by the sovereign.
D
)
the triumph of Confucianism over
Legalism in the Qin Dynasty.
```
C
33
```
Which ruler during the classical era espoused a
philosophical view on government that was
religiously inspired?
A
)
Qin Shihuangdi
B
)
Pericles
C
)
Caesar Augustus
D
)
Ashoka
```
D
34
```
The portrayal of the winged disk symbol
known as the Faravahar in the Bihustun
inscription from the Persian Empire links it to
which religious tradition?
A
)
Zoroastrianism
B Christianity
```
```
)
C
)
Hinduism
D
)
Buddhism
```
A
35
```
In classical Greece, Athenian authorities
commissioned the statue of Harmodius and
Aristogeiton to
A
)
emphasize the sexual rivalries that led to
the murder of the tyrant Hipparchus.
B
)
focus on the role of Sparta in facilitating
the transition to democracy in Athens.
C
)
celebrate the role the two men played in
restoring freedom to Athens.
D
)
publicize Athenian victories over foreign
enemies and domestic rebels.
```
C
36
```
The funerary complex constructed for the
Chinese emperor Qin Shihuangdi in the
second-wave era reflects a
A
)
cyclical view of time that drew on the
changing phases of the moon and on the
cycles of female fertility.
B
)
belief that the living and the dead formed
a single community existing in parallel
societies.
C
)
conception of time moving in a straight
line toward some predetermined goal.
D
)
sharp distinction between the material
and spiritual worlds.
```
B
37
```
What is the significance of the depiction of
figures from Roman mythology on the
breastplate of the statue of Augustus?
A
)
To place Augustus in a long line of
ancient sage kings who had ruled over
Rome
B
)
To show how Augustus offered sacrifices
to the various spirits in order to bring
unity and harmony to Rome
C
)
To acknowledge the role of Ahuramazda
in Augustus’ military victories
D
)
To suggest that Augustus’ political
authority was divinely ordained
```
D
38
```
Which of the following contained no religious
symbolism?
A
)
The Bihustun inscription
```
```
B
)
The statue of Harmodius and
Aristogeiton
C
)
The tomb of Qin Shihuangdi
D
)
The statue of Augustus
```
B
39
```
Which of the following classical religions and
philosophies focused more on affairs of this
world than on the realm of the divine and its
relationship to human life?
A
)
Confucianism
B
)
Buddhism
C
)
Zoroastrianism
D
)
Christianity
```
A
40
```
Zoroastrianism most probably influenced
which of the following philosophical or
religious traditions?
A
)
Daoism
B
)
Confucianism
C
)
Judaism
D
)
Hinduism
```
C
41
```
Buddhism and Hinduism are similar in that
they both
A
)
rejected the religious authority of the
Brahmins.
B
)
rejected the concept of karma.
C
)
offered hope for final release from the
cycle of rebirth.
D
)
promoted monotheism.
```
C
42
```
Which of the following systems of thought
provided inspiration for the harsh reunification
of China under Qin Shihuangdi?
A
)
Confucianism
B
)
Daoism
C
)
Buddhism
```
D
)
Legalism
D
43
```
A follower of Daoism would
A
)
engage in public life.
B
)
withdraw from politics.
C
)
pursue higher education.
D
)
work for social change.
```
B
44
```
Which of the following reflects a Zoroastrian
idea that can be found in Judaism, Christianity,
and Islam?
A
)
The concepts of heaven and hell
B
)
The idea of Brahman (World Soul)
C
)
The notion of reincarnation
D
)
The unity of opposites
```
A
45
```
Which cultural tradition is particularly noted
for its emphasis on logic and relentless
questioning of received wisdom, without
giving much role to the gods?
A
)
Confucian philosophy
B
)
Greek philosophy
C
)
Daoism
D
)
Zoroastrianism
```
B
46
```
The cosmic struggle between Ahura Mazda and
Angra Mainyu lies at the heart of which
religion?
A
)
Buddhism
B
)
Hinduism
C
)
Judaism
D
)
Zoroastrianism
```
D
47
Which of the following was a distinctive
feature of the Greek way of thinking in the
classical era?
A
```
) Reverence for organized religion
B
)
Confidence in human reason
C
)
Respect for received wisdom
D
)
Deference to established authority
```
B
48
```
Which of the following statements is true of the
religious and philosophical traditions that
developed in Eurasia in the centuries
surrounding 500 B.C.E.?
A
)
All sought to define a single source of
order and meaning in the universe.
B
)
All played down the value of humankind.
C
)
All drew on rationalism to explain the
universe.
D
)
All favored communal ritual.
```
A
49
```
Which of the following describes how
Confucianism affected Chinese society?
A
)
Confucianism was adopted as the state
religion of China.
B
)
The civil service examination system was
based on Confucian texts.
C
)
Confucianism encouraged individualistic
values.
D
)
Confucianism challenged social and
gender hierarchies.
```
B
50
```
Which of the following may have played a role
in the decline of Buddhism in India?
A
)
Buddhism was absorbed into a reviving
Hinduism.
B
)
India failed to establish Buddhist
monasteries.
C
)
Buddhism was suppressed by Emperor
Ashoka.
D
)
There was too much competition from
Confucianism.
```
A
51
```
Both the Buddha and Jesus
A
)
were transformed by their followers into
gods.
B
)
actively opposed Zoroastrianism.
C
)
actively sought to found new religions
during their lifetimes.
```
D
)
allied themselves with religious
authorities in their regions.
A
52
```
In the four centuries following Jesus’s death,
Christianity
A
)
excluded women from leadership roles in
the Church.
B
)
rejected all the teachings and writings of
Jews.
C
)
created a church without a hierarchy
where all members were equal.
D
)
defined Christianity as a religion open
only to Jews.
```
A
53
```
Which of the following statements best
describes the relationship between Daoism and
Confucianism, as understood by Chinese
elites?
A
)
Daoism is an offshoot of Confucianism
that develops the mystical elements
inherent in Confucius’s teachings.
B
)
Daoism and Confucianism were regarded
as complementary rather than
contradictory.
C
)
Most Confucians dismissed Daoism as
meaningless superstition.
D
)
Most Daoists despised Confucians
because their policies fostered cosmic
chaos.
```
B
54
```
Which of the following is considered a sacred
text of Hinduism?
A
)
Daodejing
B
)
Lessons for Women
C
)
Analects
D
)
Upanishads
```
D
55
```
Which of the following is a central feature of
the Hindu notion of karma?
A
)
Moksha (liberation)
B
)
Atman (soul)
C
)
Nirvana (enlightenment)
D
)
Samsara (rebirth)
```
D
56
```
Which element of Hinduism did Buddhism
reject?
A
)
The idea that ordinary life is an illusion
B
)
The practice of meditation
C
)
The religious authority of the Brahmins
D
)
The goal of overcoming the demands of
the ego
```
C
57
```
In contrast to the Theravada Buddhism, the
Mahayana version portrayed the Buddha as a
A
)
god.
B
)
teacher.
C
)
priest.
D
)
bodhisattva.
```
A
58
```
Which of the following refers to a feature of
the conception of the divine found in Judaism?
A
)
A view of heaven as a state in which
individual identity is extinguished
B
)
An understanding of God as engaged in
history and demanding social justice
C
)
A notion that primal unitary energy
creates divine reality
D
)
A principle of the way of nature underlies
everything and never changes
```
B
59
```
What did Confucianism and Greek rationalism
share in common?
A
)
A fervent belief in the supernatural
B
)
A diverse pantheon of gods
C
)
A monotheistic perspective on religion
D
)
A secular approach to understanding the
world
```
D
60
```
Which one of the following represents a way
that Greek scholarship influenced the world?
A
)
Greek learning was incorporated into
Confucianism, creating a hybrid
philosophy.
B
)
Greek knowledge became a central
element in an emerging “Eastern”
```
```
civilization.
C
)
Greek texts were translated into Arabic
and stimulated Muslim intellectuals.
D
)
Greek ideas entered India and were
absorbed into Hinduism.
```
C
61
```
What did Buddhism and Christianity have in
common?
A
)
They both ultimately died out in the land
of their birth as their ideas were absorbed
into other religious traditions.
B
)
They both started out as an effort to
reform the religions from they which
they had come, but soon emerged as
separate religions.
C
)
They were both associated with a
particular people and territory.
D
)
Neither ever became an active missionary
religion and did not spread widely
beyond the region of their birth.
```
B
62
```
Which of the following statements reflects the
state of Christianity by 500 C.E.?
A
)
It was clear to all that the future of
Christianity would be in Europe.
B
)
States questioned the political loyalty of
Christian converts and adopted a policy
of religious persecution.
C
)
Christianity became more unified as it
spread, with Rome as its undisputed
center.
D
)
Christianity was endorsed by states in
Europe and North Africa.
```
D
63
```
Disagreements over the meaning of the
Buddha’s teachings led to
A
)
clear-cut distinctions between “right” and
“wrong” ideas.
```
```
B
)
numerous wars among clashing groups.
C
)
a proliferation of different sects,
practices, and meditation techniques.
D
)
the development of a religious hierarchy
headed by the orthodox church.
```
C
64
```
How did Christianity change in the first 500
years since its emergence?
A
)
The egalitarian small house churches
during Jesus’s lifetime evolved into a
male-dominated hierarchical Christian
church.
B
)
Christianity changed from a religion of
ritual and sacrifice to one of devotion and
worship.
C
)
Christianity evolved from philosophical
reflections on the meaning of life to a
fascination with the supernatural.
D
)
Reason replaced faith as the means of
discovering the truth about the universe.
```
A
65
```
Which of the following included a distinctively
supernatural dimension?
A
)
Greek rationalism
B
)
Mahayana Buddhism
C
)
Legalism
D
)
Judaism
```
B
66
```
Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle were associated
with
A
)
the Vedas.
B
)
Zoroastrianism.
C
)
Legalism.
D
)
Greek rationalism.
```
D
67
```
Which of the following inferences can be made
based on Map 4.1 in the textbook?
A
)
The spread of Buddhism and Christianity
occurred rapidly and in a short period of
time.
B
)
As Buddhism and Christianity spread, it
sparked religious wars.
```
```
C
)
Christianity established a presence in
Asia, but Buddhism did not take hold in
Europe.
D
)
Buddhism and Christianity spread only
where the state provided protection.
```
C
68
```
Which school of thought contended that the
best way to govern was to lead the people by
virtue and the rules of propriety?
A
)
Legalism
B
)
Confucianism
C
)
Greek rationalism
D
)
Zoroastrianism
```
B
69
```
The conception of life and death expressed in
the following quote reflects an idea central to
which religious or philosophical tradition? “For
to one that is born, death is certain; and to one
that dies, birth is certain. . . .”
A
)
Daoism
B
)
Judaism
C
)
Zoroastrianism
D
)
Hinduism
```
D
70
What did Jesus and Socrates share in common?
A
)
Both were historical founders of religions
that spread beyond their place of origin.
B
)
Both were sentenced to death by states
which felt threatened by their teachings.
C
)
Both were regarded as having divine
status by their followers.
D
)
Both were prolific writers and left behind
a rich written record of their ideas.
B
71
```
By the first century C.E., as a result of contact
between the Gandhara region of South Asia
and the Roman Empire, artists began to portray
the Buddha
A
)
in human form.
B
)
as an empty throne.
C
)
as a horse with no rider.
```
D
)
with numerous heads.
A
72
```
Which one of the following reflects a rule of
conduct Jesus encouraged people to follow?
A
)
“Eye for eye, and tooth for tooth.”
B
)
“In serving his parents, a son may
remonstrate with them. . . .”
C
)
“Love your enemies and pray for those
who persecute you.”
D
)
“. . . store up for yourselves treasures on
earth. . . .”
```
C
73
```
Which of the following has been put forward
by scholars as a possible factor in the
emergence of slavery within the First
Civilizations?
A
)
Long periods of peace
B
)
The decline of patriarchy
C
)
The early domestication of animals
D
)
Race
```
C
74
```
How was India’s social structure different from
that of China?
A
)
India had fewer distinct social groups.
B
)
Indian social groups were defined more
rigidly.
C
)
Social status in India was defined in
terms of literary learning.
D
)
Social distinctions in India were more
fluid.
```
B
75
```
Like First Civilizations, societies of the
classical era
A
)
lacked sharp distinctions along class
lines.
B
)
were patriarchal in organization.
C
)
rarely included slaves.
D
)
were based upon written constitutions.
```
B
76
China was unique in the ancient world in the
extent to which
A slaveholding defined the society.
```
)
B
)
its social organization was shaped by the
actions of the state.
C
)
the caste system defined its social
structure.
D
)
women were allowed a role in public life.
```
B
77
```
India and China during the classical era were
similar in that in both societies
A
)
birth had no place in determining the
social status of most people.
B
)
social prestige was primarily attained
through service to the state.
C
)
it was easy for people to improve their
social status through hard work.
D
)
sharp distinctions and great inequalities
characterized the social order.
```
B
78
```
Once the system of jatis in India was
established,
A
)
individual jatis were locked into an
unchanging hierarchy in relation to other
jatis.
B
)
an individual within a jati could switch to
another jati by paying a fee.
C
)
an individual jati could slowly raise its
standing in relation to other jatis in the
local hierarchy by acquiring land or
wealth.
D
)
marriage within jatis became taboo.
```
C
79
```
During the classical era, slaves comprised more
than one-third of the total population in
A
)
India.
B
)
China.
C
)
the Persian Empire.
D
)
the Roman Empire.
```
D
80
```
The growth of democracy in classical Athens
was accompanied by
A
)
the simultaneous growth of slavery on a
massive scale.
B
)
the abolition of slavery.
C
```
)
```
harsh criticism from Greek intellectuals
like Aristotle.
D
)
the association of slave status with race.
```
D
81
```
In which of the following ancient societies did
women enjoy the fewest restrictions?
A
)
Han China
B
)
Athens
C
)
Sparta
D
)
Classical India
```
C
82
```
Which of the following philosophical or
religious traditions provided a unifying
ideology for peasant rebellions in China?
A
)
Hinduism
B
)
Confucianism
C
)
Daoism
D
)
Legalism
```
C
83
```
Which of the following describes women’s
status in the classical civilizations?
A
)
Upper-class women had a tendency to
live less restricted lives than lower-class
women.
B
)
Women in general experienced fewer
restrictions compared to those living in
pastoral societies.
C
)
Public life in general was a male domain,
while women’s roles took place mostly in
domestic settings.
D
)
Women in general experienced fewer
restrictions as compared to those who
lived in Neolithic agricultural village
societies.
```
C
84
```
In contrast to women in Athens, women in
Sparta
A
)
were more strictly confined to the home.
B
)
married men close to their age.
C
)
participated in government.
D were praised as having superior
```
) intelligence.
B
85
```
How did the centuries of political
fragmentation and conflict following the fall of
the Han Empire affect the lives of Chinese
women?
A
)
Women found themselves restricted to a
greater degree than ever before because
of the cultural influence of the nomadic
peoples who conquered much of northern
China.
B
)
Women were removed from positions as
priests, nuns, and reclusive mediators in
Daoist movements.
C
)
Buddhism and Daoism grew in
popularity, resulting in some loosening of
the strict patriarchy supported by
Confucianism.
D
)
Writings such as those by Ban Zhou
encouraged women to be more assertive
in their relationships to men.
```
C
86
```
Slaveholding was least widespread and least
central to the economy of
A
)
Athens.
B
)
China.
C
)
Sparta.
D
)
Imperial Rome.
```
B
87
```
The world’s first and longest lasting
professional civil service emerged in
A
)
the Roman Empire.
B
)
Athens.
C
)
India.
D
)
China.
```
D
88
```
Peasants were honored and merchants were
looked down upon in the official ideology of
A
)
China.
B
)
India.
C
)
Sparta.
```
D
)
the Roman Empire.
A
89
```
Which group was at the top of the caste system
in India?
A
)
Scholar-gentry
B
)
Merchants
C
)
Brahmin
D
)
Peasants
```
C
90
```
The combination of natural disasters, high
taxes and rents, and state demands for labor
and military service often sparked peasant
rebellions in
A
)
India.
B
)
China.
C
)
Sparta.
D
)
Athens.
```
B
91
```
Membership in a jati was based on a person’s
A
)
race.
B
)
age.
C
)
birthplace.
D
)
occupation.
```
D
92
```
The inequalities of the caste system received
support from
A
)
Hindu notions of karma, dharma, and
rebirth.
B
)
Buddhist notions of nirvana and
enlightenment.
C
)
Confucian notions of propriety and ritual.
D
)
Daoist notions of the supernatural and
immortality.
```
A
93
```
In India, the jati to which one belonged
determined
A
)
the language one spoke.
B the sect of Hinduism one practiced.
```
```
)
C
)
whom one could marry.
D
)
how much land one could own.
```
C
94
```
In India, the caste system encouraged loyalty to
A
)
the state.
B
)
local communities.
C
)
parents.
D
)
Brahmins.
```
B
95
```
Which of the following was a major source of
slaves in the Roman Empire?
A
)
Untouchables
B
)
Peasants
C
)
Soldiers
D
)
Prisoners of war
```
D
96
```
Although slaves in the Roman Empire
performed all work, from the most prestigious
to the most degrading, they were prohibited
from
A
)
serving in the military.
B
)
practicing medicine.
C
)
working in government.
D
)
conducting business.
```
A
97
```
Which of the following is an example of the
“weapons of the weak” used by slaves to resist
their enslavement?
A
)
Varna
B
)
Manumission
C
)
Sabotage
D
)
Obedience
```
C
98
In general, patriarchal systems that restricted
women’s lives were weakest
```
A
)
during long periods of peace and
stability.
B
)
in the early years of a civilization’s
development.
C
)
when states adopted ideologies that
linked female inferiority to the workings
of the universe.
D
)
in urban-based civilizations at the height
of their power.
```
B
99
```
Although the practice of patriarchy varied in
the classical civilizations, they all
A
)
prohibited women of all classes from
entering public spaces.
B
)
challenged the assumption that female
inferiority was natural.
C
)
conceptualized women’s essential nature
in terms of ritual purity.
D
)
defined women’s roles in reproductive
terms.
```
D
100
```
In what way were the Yellow Turban Rebellion
in Han China and the Spartacus Rebellion in
the Roman Empire similar?
A
)
Both were large-scale, violent reactions
to oppressive conditions.
B
)
Both featured supernatural healings and
collective trances.
C
)
Both succeeded in persuading the
government to implement reforms.
D
)
Both saw women assuming leadership
roles.
```
A
101
```
What did Ban Zhao mean by her remark, “Yet
only to teach men and not to teach women—is
that not ignoring the essential relation between
them”?
A
)
Providing women with an education will
give them the opportunity to participate
in the civil service examination system.
B
)
Education for women is necessary to
maintain the proper relationship between
men and women.
C
)
Denying women education is in
accordance with the natural order of
things.
D
)
Educating women will disrupt the
household and invite social chaos.
```
B
102
```
Ban Zhao argued that the “correct relationship
between husband and wife” should be based on
A
)
honesty and loyalty.
B
)
sensuality and passion.
C
)
equality and freedom.
D
)
harmony and love.
```
D
103
```
Despite their different positions on the Oppian
Laws, both Marcus Porcius Cato and Lucius
Valerius agreed that women
A
)
should not show themselves in public.
B
)
should remain under the guardianship of
fathers and husbands.
C
)
were not by nature envious.
D
)
always acted for the public good.
```
B
104
```
The details in the portrait of Terentius Neo and
his wife suggest that
A
)
the husband was a well-to- do freedman.
B
)
the couple owned slaves.
C
)
the two met in a tavern.
D
)
both the husband and wife were literate.
```
D
105
```
The wall painting on the building known as the
Villa of Mysteries shows women participating
in a process of religious initiation associated
with the cult of
A
)
Dionysus.
B
)
Isis.
C
)
the emperor.
D
)
lares.
```
A
106
In the classical era, the continents had an
unequal population distribution, with the vast
majority of the world’s people living in
A
)
North America.
B
```
) Central/South America.
C
)
Eurasia.
D
)
Africa.
```
C
107
```
Which of the following has been identified as a
factor contributing to the collapse of the Maya
civilization in the ninth century C.E.?
A
)
Foreign invasion
B
)
A century of devastating flooding
C
)
A long-term drought
D
)
Massive rebellions that overthrew the
Maya emperor
```
C
108
```
How did the absence of most animals capable
of domestication affect developments in the
Americas?
A
)
No pastoral societies developed.
B
)
Agriculture did not develop
independently.
C
)
Metallurgy was more highly developed.
D
)
A plow-based farming system developed.
```
A
109
```
How did the environmental features of Africa
affect the continent?
A
)
The lack of rainfall meant that agriculture
was completely dependent on irrigation.
B
)
Persistent warm temperatures accelerated
the decomposition of humus, resulting in
a less productive agriculture.
C
)
The network of rivers running throughout
the continent facilitated the emergence of
large empires that encompassed most of
the continent’s people.
D
)
The scarcity of raw materials prevented
the development of iron tools and
weapons.
```
B
110
What language was spoken by the groups of
people who had spread throughout most of
southern and eastern Africa by the classical
era?
A Bantu
```
)
B
)
Hebrew
C
)
Latin
D
)
Greek
```
A
111
```
Which of the following cultures produced a
written language?
A
)
Maya
B
)
The Niger River valley
C
)
Moche
D
)
Bantu
```
A
112
```
In contrast to cities in other civilizations, cities
in the Niger Valley civilization
A
)
had their own centralized political
structure headed by a monarch.
B
)
were run by complex bureaucracies.
C
)
were encompassed within a larger
imperial system.
D
)
operated without the coercive authority
of a state.
```
D
113
```
Which of the following was an advantage
Bantu-speaking farmers had in their encounters
with gathering and hunting groups?
A
)
Horse-drawn chariots
B
)
Yam-based agriculture
C
)
Gunpowder formula
D
)
Iron-working technology
```
D
114
```
During the classical era, metallurgy was least
developed in
A
)
the Americas.
B
)
Asia.
C
)
Africa.
D
)
Europe.
```
A
115
```
In their political organization, the Maya were
most like
A
)
the city-states of classical Greece.
B
)
the imperial state of Rome.
C
)
the civilization of the Niger Valley.
D
)
the kingdom of Axum.
```
`A
116
```
Mesoamerican and Andean cultures were
similar in that both
A
)
were profoundly impacted by the
emergence of the Chavín cult.
B
)
tried but failed to develop regional or
long-distance trade networks.
C
)
were dominated by cities or regional
states rather than a single empire.
D
)
used iron tools extensively.
```
C
117
```
Both the cultures that took shape in the Chaco
canyon region and those that took shape in the
Mississippi River valley
A
)
hosted independent agricultural
revolutions.
B
)
were rooted in corn-based agriculture
introduced from Mesoamerica.
C
)
built large cities that rivaled those of
Mesoamerica.
D
)
were founded by pastoralists.
```
B
118
```
Which of the following statements about the
civilizations of the Andes region is true?
A
)
In the Andean region, it was only
possible for people to settle along the
coast.
B
)
Civilizations of the Andean region were
politically weak.
C
)
The need for elaborate irrigation projects
helped create strong states in the Andes
region.
D
)
No regional religious traditions
developed in the Andean region.
```
C
119
```
In contrast to Maya art, the artwork of
Teotihuacán
A
)
depicted jaguar-human figures.
```
```
B
)
displayed realistic rather than stylized,
abstract images.
C
)
revealed few images of self-glorifying
rulers.
D
)
incorporated an elaborate written script.
```
C
120
```
Which of the following was a point of contact
between Eurasia and Africa?
A
)
The Americas
B
)
The Indian Ocean
C
)
Madagascar
D
)
Arabia
```
D
121
```
The culture of Meroë showed a shift away from
the influence of
A
)
Egypt.
B
)
Greece.
C
)
China.
D
)
India.
```
A
122
```
Which statement describes the relationship
between the civilizations in Mesoamerica and
those in the Andes?
A
)
They gradually merged to create a hybrid
culture that spread throughout the
Americas.
B
)
They frequently fought with each other
for control of South America.
C
)
They had little if any direct contact with
each other.
D
)
They enjoyed equal diplomatic relations.
```
C
123
```
What do the remains of the Moche civilization
suggest was important to its rulers?
A
)
Peace and meditation
B
)
War and ceremony
C
)
Nature and farming
D
)
Education and democracy
```
B
124
```
Which of the following describes a feature of
Bantu religion?
A
)
It was concerned with explaining,
predicting, and controlling local affairs.
B
)
It claimed to be a universal religion and
had a strong missionary impulse.
C
)
It incorporated many Christian elements
as a result of encounters with the Roman
Empire.
D
)
It viewed God as remote and largely
uninvolved in ordinary life.
```
A
125
```
The mound-building cultures of the eastern
woodlands are considered to be “semi-
sedentary” because
A
)
they lacked stratified societies with a
clearly defined elite headed by a ruler
capable of mobilizing the labor necessary
for agricultural production.
B
)
they lacked a network of ceremonial,
economic, and cultural exchange
necessary for the emergence of complex
societies.
C
)
their less intensive and less productive
agriculture supported smaller populations
than those found in Mesoamerica and the
Andes.
D
)
their belief in the supernatural and
practice of human sacrifice kept them
geographically confined.
```
C
126
```
How did sharing a common border affect
relations between the inland empires of Wari
and Tiwanaku?
A
)
They exchanged knowledge as seen in
the Tiwanaku adoption of the hillside
terracing style of farming developed by
the Wari.
B
)
They appeared to get along as there was
little overt conflict or warfare between
them.
C
)
People living along the border
intermarried and created a hybrid culture
that over time became the common
culture of the entire Andean region.
D
)
Caravans of llamas from each empire
gathered at the border to trade goods.
```
B
127
```
What did the Bantu settlements in Africa have
that the communities in North America east of
the Mississippi lacked?
A
)
Agriculture
B
)
Social stratification
C
)
A shared religion
D
)
A common language
```
B
128
```
Outside of the Mesoamerican and Andean
regions, most people living in the Americas in
the pre-Columbian era
A
)
obtained their food supply by gathering
and hunting.
B
)
practiced an intensive form of
agriculture.
C
)
lived in densely populated urban centers.
D
)
spoke a common language.
```
A
129
```
The society of which group of people is
considered to be less patriarchal due to its
system of “gender parallelism” which
associated female roles with village life and
male roles with hunting and forest life?
A
)
Ancestral Pueblo
B
)
Hopewell
C
)
Bantu
D
)
Wari
```
C
130
```
A distinctive feature of the Hopewell culture in
the eastern woodlands of North America was
the
A
)
construction of pit houses.
B
)
creation of large earthen mounds.
C
)
development of plow-based agriculture.
D
)
emergence of an empire that stretched to
Mesoamerica.
```
B
131
```
Which of the following benefited the most
from the coastal trade routes shown in Map 6.1
in the textbook?
A
)
Nubia
B
)
Axum
C
)
Bantu
D
)
San
```
B
