Multicellular Organisms: Reproduction Flashcards
What is a gamete?
A sex cell.
What is the male and female gamete in animals?
Sperm cell and egg cell (ovum)
What is the male and female gamete in plants?
Pollen grain and ovule
Where is each gamete produced (plants and animals)?
Animals:
- Egg cell - ovary
- Sperm cell - testes
Plants:
- Ovule - ovary
- Pollen grain - anther
Describe the basic structure of a sperm cell
- Long tail to propel to the egg cell.
- Midplace containing large amounts of mitochondria.
- Haploid nucleus.
Describe the basic structure of an egg cell.
- Cytoplasm containing a food store.
- Haploid nucleus.
What does diploid mean?
A cell that contains 2 sets of chromosomes.
What does haploid mean?
A cell that contains 1 set of chromosomes.
Give 4 examples of diploid cells.
Zygote, kidney cell, root hair cell, leaf palisade cell.
Give 4 examples of haploid cells.
Egg cell, sperm cell, pollen and ovule.
What is fertilisation?
When the nucleus from the female gamete and the nucleus from the female gamete fuse together to form a new cell named a zygote.
What is a zygote?
The new cell formed when the gametes fuse at fertilisation.
What is an embryo?
The organism produced when the zygote divides.
