Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

N5 Biology > Multicellular Organisms > Flashcards

Multicellular Organisms Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What do a group of cells form?

A

A tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What do different tissues combine to form?

A

Organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do different organs form?

A

Body systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name two adaptations of sperm?

A

Has a tail to swim Lots of mitochondria as it is very active

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name two adaptations of red blood cells?

A

Biconcave shape to increase surface area It has no nucleus so it has more space for haemoglobin, which carries the oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name two adaptations of neurons?

A

They are long and thin to allow swift transfer of impulses The axon is covered in insulator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name an adaptation of root hair cells?

A

Long roots for large surface area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are stem cells?

A

Stem cells are unspecialised animal cells that can divide and develop into any type of body cell, allowing growth and repair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the most basic stem cell?

A

The embryonic stem cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where are the stem cells found in plants?

A

They found in the meristem tissues, which are located at the shoots and roots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How can the nervous system be split up?

A

Into the CNS and the nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the CNS compose of?

A

The brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the cerebrum control?

A

Conscious thought and memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the Cerebellum control?

A

Controls balance and co-ordination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does the Medulla control?

A

Breathing and heart rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are three types of neuron?

A

Sensory, relay and motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does the sensory neuron do?

A

Carries nerve impulses from the stimuli to the CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does the relay neuron do?

A

It transmits the impulses from the sensory neuron to the motor neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does the pancreatic, adrenal, testicular and ovarian glands produce?

A

Pancreatic= Insulin and glucagon Adrenal= Adrenaline Testicular= Testosterone Ovarian= Oestrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is a synapse?

A

A gap between the nerve ending of one neuron and another cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What passes through a synapse to allow the impulse to carry on moving?

A

A neurotransmitter is released by active transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What system releases hormones?

A

The endocrine system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the function of insulin?

A

Stimulates the formation of glycogen from glucose molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the function of glucagon?

A

Stimulates the breakdown of glycogen to make glucose molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Where are gametes formed?

A

In the gonads

26
Q

How many set of chromosomes do gametes have and what is this called?

A

They have 1 set and this is called their haploid number

27
Q

Where does the sperm flow in ejaculation?

A

Sperm is produced in the testes, passes along the sperm duct and passes out of the body via the urethra which contained in the penis

28
Q

Describe the movement of the egg in a female

A

The egg is released from the ovaries into the oviduct. If not met by a sperm cell, after 3-4 weeks it moves to the uterus where it released as a period

29
Q

What happens when the sperm and egg meet?

A

The two nuclei fuses and produce a zygote

30
Q

Label all parts of the diagram

Anther, Stigma, Filament, Style, Petals, Ovary, Sepod and ovule

A
31
Q

What is Pollination?

A

Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from an anther to a stigma

32
Q

How does pollen fertilise the ovules?

A

Once the pollen grain has landed onto the stigma, it grows a pollen tube towards the ovaries. Once connected it sends its nucleus down the tube to fuse with the ovules

33
Q

What is created when two gametes fuse?

A

A zygote

34
Q

What are the two types of variation?

A

Discrete and Continous

35
Q

What is discrete variation?

A

It is when the characteristic falls into distinct groups

36
Q

What is continous variation?

A

It is when a characteristic can have any value within a range

37
Q

What does the term polygenic suggest?

A

The characteristics displayed are controlled by more than one gene

38
Q

When will a dominant allele be expressed as the phenotype?

A

A dominant allele will always be expressed if one allele is present

39
Q

When will a recessive allele be expressed as the phenotype?

A

When there are no dominant alleles present

40
Q

What does the term homozygous describe?

A

When two alleles for an organism characteristic are the same

41
Q

What does the term heterozygous describe?

A

When the two alleles are different

42
Q

What is the function of the waxy cuticle?

A

Waterproof layer to minimise water loss

43
Q

What is the function of the upper epidermis?

A

Its colourless to allow light to pass through

44
Q

What is the function of the palisade cells?

A

Contains lots of chloroplasts for photosynthesis

45
Q

What is the function of the spongy mesophyll layer?

A

Has air spaces to allow gas exchange

46
Q

What is the function of guard cells?

A

Change shape due to the movement of water

47
Q

Describe Xylem vessels

A

Xylem are one way, hollow cells that are strengthened by lignin. They transport water and salts and hydrate the plant

48
Q

Describe Phloem tissue

A

Phloem is a vascular tisse composed of sieve tubes, sieve plates and companion cells. Its function is to carry sugar to areas of photosythesis

49
Q

What is transpiration?

A

The loss of water from the leaves through the stoma

50
Q

When what four things increase, increase rate of transpiration?

A

Temperature, Humidity, Wind, Light intensity

51
Q

What are the 4 chambers of the heart called?

A

Left and right atrium and ventricle

52
Q

Describe the function and structure of arteries

A

Arteries can high pressure blood away from the heart. They have thick muscular walls and a narrow central channel

53
Q

Describe the structure and function of veins

A

Veins carry low pressure blood to the heart. They have thinner muscular walls and a wide channel. They also have valves to prevent back flow

54
Q

Describe the function and structure of capillaries

A

To allow diffusion of materials between the blood and muscle. They form networks around muscles and have one cell thick walls and have a large surface area

55
Q

What are the branching parts which make up your airways?

A

Trachea-bronchus-bronchioles-alveoli

56
Q

What are the 4 adaptations of alveoli for efficient gas exchange?

A
  • Small size and shape provides large surface area
  • Surronded by dense capillary network
  • Alveolus has a one cell thick wall
    • The lining of the alveoli is moist
57
Q

What organ absorbs most of our food?

A

The small intestine

58
Q
A
59
Q

What is absorbed into the capillary ina villi?

A

Glucose and amino acids

60
Q

What is absorbed into the lacteal in a villi?

A

Fatty acids and glycerol

61
Q

Name two adaptations to allow efficient food absorption in the small intestines?

A

Many villi for large surface area and the villi’s wall is 1 cell thick

62
Q
A

N5 Biology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions