multi-store model Flashcards
What does the Multi-Store Model suggest?
It suggests that memory is made up of three stores, linked by processing.
What is the purpose of the Multi-Store Model?
To show how information moves through the memory system.
What are the key components of the multi-store model?
- Sensory Register
- Short Term Memory (STM)
-Long Term Memory (LTM)
What is the first component that an environmental stimulus passes through?
Sensory Register
What is the sensory register?
-the first component of the MSM that environmental stimulus passes through
What is the duration of the sensory register?
Less than half a second
Which of the three components of the MSM is made up of multiple registers?
Sensory Register is made up of multiple registers and coding in each store is modality-specific
What is the capacity of the sensory register?
Very high
What store does information pass into after the Sensory Register?
STM
How does information move if you pay attention?
From the Sensory Register, to the STM
How does information move from Sensory Register to STM?
Attention
What is the duration of STM?
Approximately 18 seconds
What is the capacity of STM?
Approximately 5-9 pieces of information
How does information code in STM?
Acoustically
What happens if the STM exceeds its capacity?
Old information is displaced
What happens to a piece of information if it doesnt move into LTM and duration runs out?
It decays
How does information stay in STM?
-there must be maintenance rehearsal. If it is prolonged, it passes into LTM.
What is maintenance rehearsal? What does it do?
- repeating information in your head over and over
-keeps information in STM
What is prolonged rehearsal? What does it do?
-rehearsing information over a long period of time
-moves info from STM to LTM
How does information move from STM to LTM?
Prolonged rehearsal
How is information coded in LTM?
Mainly semantically
What is the duration thought to be for LTM?
Lifetime
What is the capacity thought to be for LTM?
Infinite
What must happen in order for information from LTM to be recalled?
-must be retrieved which moves information from LTM to STM
How does information move from LTM to STM?
retrieval
What are the limitations of the Multi-Store Model?
-MSM may have oversimplified the memory stores
-believes that the amount of rehearsal is important rather than the type.
-the use of artificial materials to support it
What research suggests that the Multi Store Model may have oversimplified the memory stores? How?
-Shalice and Warrington
-found that an amnesia patient, KF, had poor recall for digits when they were read out loud to him but his recall was much better when he read
digits to himself.
-According to the MSM, he should not be able to do one of these, causing issues with STM being just one thing.
What research supports the Multi Store Model?
Glanzer and Cunitz found participants remembered words from the start (a primary effect) and end of a list (a recency effect) but were less good at recalling words in the middle. This supports idea of more than one memory store- the start words are in the LTM due to rehearsal, and the end words are in the STM, while middle words are displaced from the STM by end words.
