Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Usmle > MTB3 > Flashcards

MTB3 Flashcards

1
Q

Joint findings in RA?

A
  • c1-c2 sublaxation
  • Swan neck deformity - knee invovement
  • Botunier deformity
  • Becker cyst
  • MCP and PIP swelling and pain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Alternates for DMARDS:

A
  • Rituximab
  • Anakinra: IL 1 receptor antagonist
  • Abatacept: Inhibits Tcell activation
  • Leflunamide: Primidine Antagonist
  • Tocilizumab: IL6 receptor Antagonist
  • Gold salt
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q
  • an important charactristic of whipple disease other than GI symptoms?
A

Joint pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Joints involved in OA?

A
  • PIP=> Buchard’s nodes

- DIP=> Heberden nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Tx for whipple disease?

A

TMX-SMX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

TX for OA?

A

Acetaminophen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

WBCs in RA and in OA?

A

In OA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Best initial test for OA?

A

Xray

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Tests need to be ordered in OA?

A
  • ESR
  • ANA
  • RF
  • Anti-CCP
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Presence of Anti Ro or Anti SSA antibody in SLE is the indication of:

A

Heart block

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which tests are diagnostic for Lupus flates?

A
  • Anti DS DNA

- low complement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
  • best initial test to diagnose Reumatoid Arthritis?
  • most accurate and specific test to diagnose RA?
  • best initial test to diagnose Ankylosing Sponylitis?
  • best initial test to diagnose Reactive Arthritis?
  • best initial test to diagnose SLE?
  • best initial test to diagnose psoriatic arthritis?
  • best initial test to diagnose OA?
  • best specific test to diagnose SLE?
A
  • ESR, CRP, RF
  • Anti CCP
  • MRI
  • no diagnostic test for reactive arthritis
  • ANA
  • no test to diagnose psoriatic arthritis
  • xray
  • Anti smith Ab
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
  • Drugs cause SLE?

- charactristics of drug induced SLE?

A
  • Procain amid, Hydralazine, Isoniazide
    positive anti histon antibody
    No renal or neurological symptoms
    Complement levels and anti Ds- DNA are normal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Most accurate test for sjogren syn?

A

Lip biopsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is shirmer test?

A

A test to dx sojgren .. Decreased wetting of the papr held to the eye shows decreased lacrimation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q 
Tx for renal involvement in sclerodermia?
Tx for raynauds in sclerodermia?
Tx for GERD in sclerodermia?
Tx for lung fibrosis in sclerodermia?
Tx for pulmonary HTN in sclerodermia?
A
  • ACE inh.
  • Ca- channel blocker
  • PPI
  • Cyclophosphamide
  • Bosentan( anti- endothelium )/ Prostaglandines analogues( Epoprostenol, Treprostinil, iloprost) / Sildenafil
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What disease we see giant capillaries in the nail folds?

A

Scleroderma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Tx of Anaphylaxis?

A

1- Epinephrine 1/1000
2- corticosteroids
3- Antihistamines ( Hydroxyzine and Diphenhydramine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Difference between Joint fluid leukocyte count in OA and RA?

A

In OA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Tx for Sjogren disease?

A
  • keep the eyes and mouth moist

- Pilocarpin & Cevimeline => theyveill increase Acetylcholin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is Eosinophilic Fascitis?

A

Thickening of the skin/ DDX with Scleroderma/ no systemic involvement/ no raynaud or hand involvement/ skin looks like podo orange/

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Diagnostic tests for Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis?

A

EMG/ increased Aldolase and CPK/ for ccs order ANA and liver function tests.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Tx for eosinophilic fasciitis?

A

Corticosteroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Polymyositis / Dermatomyositis with high anti JO?
Seriuse complication of Polymyositis Dermatomyositis?
Tx for PM / DM?

A

Interstitial nephritis
Malignancy
Corticosteroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

How to diiferentiate between chronic fTigue syndrome, fibromyalgia and Polymyalgia Rheumatica?

A

In chronic fatigue syn. The patient has fatigue for more than 6 months.
In Fibromyalgia there are trigger points, in polymyalgia Rheumatica there is high ESR.
No TX for chronic fatigue syndrome, Fibrolmyalgia TX is pain relief, Polymyalgia Rheumatica TX is Corticosteroids.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q
  • the most accurate test for vasculitis?
  • vasculitis TX?
  • what if steroids are not effective?
A
  • Biopsy
  • Steroids
  • Methtroxate/ Azatiprine - 6 Mercaptopurine/ Cyclophosphamide
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

PAN charactristics?

A
  • Abdominal pain
  • Renal involvement
  • Testicular involvement
  • HTN
  • Pericarditis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Which Ag is positive in PAN?

A

Hepatitis B surface Ag

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

How to differenciate PAN, Wegner, Churchstrauss?

A

There is abdominal involvement in PAN, in Wegner there is upper or lower respiratory involvement and c- ANCA is positive/ in Churg strauss the patient has asthma and eosiniphilia and positi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Lab tests in Vasculitis?

A

Normochrom normocytic anemia
Thrombocytosis
Elevated ESR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Charactristics of Takayaso Arthritis in Lab?

A
  • Anemia / elevated ESR
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Complications of Takayasu Arthritis?

A

TIA/Stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Behcet charactristics:

A
  • oral and genital ulcers
  • ocular involvement
  • Pathergy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Clinical manifestations of all vasculitis diseases?

A
  • Malaise - weight loss
  • Fatigue - Neuropathy
  • Arthralgia
  • skin rash
  • Fever
35
Q

Joint cells in Septic Arthritis, Inflammatory ( gout/ pseudo gout) and infections ?

36
Q

What are Rasburicase and Pegloticase?

A

They break uric acid to Allantoin. We use it when Allopurinol and Febuxostat are not useful.

37
Q

Triggers for gouty attacks?

A

1- Alcohol
2- thiazide diuretics
3- Nicotinic Acid

38
Q

What’s the first step after suspeciouse of gout and before starting the TX?

A
  • you should tap the joint
39
Q

Management of acute attacks in pseudogout?

A

NSAIDS and Steroids

40
Q

Prenentive meds for Gout?

A
  • Allopurinol if no response=> Febuxostat
41
Q

Empiric therapy for septic Arthritis?

A
  • Ceftriaxone and Vancomycine
42
Q

Charactristics of Morton Neuroma?

A

Painful burning sensation in the interdigital web space 3rd and 4th
Tenderness on the head of 3 and 4
Sharp intermittent pain radiating into toes and feel better when shoes are taken off

43
Q

Best initial test and most accurate test in Pagets disease?

A

Best initial test: AlkP

Best accurate test: xray

44
Q

Charactristics of plantar fasciitis and tarsal tunnel syn?

A

Plantar fasciitis is ginna be better with walking but tarsal tunnel syn. Getting worse with walking.

45
Q

Best initial diagnostic test to Dx iron defficiency, Anemia of chronic diseases, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic Anemia:

A
  • Iron defficiency anemia: low ferritin/ high TIBC/ low Fe/ low Fe sat/ high RDW
  • thalassemia: NL
  • Sideroblastic Anemia: high Fe
  • Anemia of chronic diseases: high ferritin, low TIBC, Low Fe and NL to low Fe sat
46
Q

What is the main cause of signs and symptoms in Sideroblastic Anemia?

A

Iron build up in mitochondria

47
Q

What is HbH?

A

3 gene deletion in alpha thalassemia and Beta-4 tetrads.

48
Q

What are the other charactristics beside megaloblastic anemia in patients with B12 defficiency?

A

Glossitis/ Diarrhea/ Neurologic signs and symptoms.

49
Q

What is the medication that blocks B12 absorbtion and will cause macrocytic anemia?

50
Q

After B12 therapy which signs and syptoms will retun first and last?

A

First=> Retic count

Last=> Neurologic

51
Q

In B12 defficiency anemia B12 is really low?

What is the best test to DX B12 defficieny macrocytic anemia?

A

No bcz B12 is a phase reactant and any form of stress will increase it.
Methyl malonic test

52
Q

What are the two tests after Measuring B12 level and Methylmalonic acid level to confirm the Dx of B12 defficiency macrocytic anemia?

A

Anti- Intrinsic factor Ab / Anti Parietal cell Ab

53
Q

Which electrolyte abnormality should we aware of with B12 therapy?

A

Ilow Ptassium

54
Q

What kind of disease other than hereditary spherocytosis give us the spherocytes?

A

Autoimmune hemolysis

55
Q

How is the clinical definition of the SCD case ?

A

Pain in the chest, back, tighs that is very severe.

56
Q

How is the approach to SCD patients?

A

First hydration, Analgesics, Oxygen to reduce fever. If fever exist then antibiotics: Ceftriaxone, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin

57
Q

What is the sudden derops in the hematocrit indication of?

A

UpParovirus B19 infection or folate defficiency.

58
Q

What kind of supplement should be hiven to the patients with SCD?

A

Folic acid

59
Q

Which drugs will cause hemolythic Anemia?

A
  • Penicillin -Dapson
  • Alpha methyl dopa
  • Quinidin
  • Sulfa drugs
  • Primaquine
60
Q

What are TX options for Hemolytic Anemia?

A

1- steroids
2- IVIG if there is no response to Prednisone
3- Splenectomy for recurrent episodes

61
Q

Why is Rituximab effective against RA and cold and warm hemolythic anemia?

A

Because Rituximab is anti CD20 which affect on the CD20 lymphocytes that make IgG and IgM.

62
Q

What kind of test should be done before prescribing Dapson?

63
Q

What is Heinz body?

A

Percipitated oxidased HB in RBC membrane.

64
Q

1- what is the best test to Dx G6PD?

2- TX of G6PD?

A

1- G6PD level after 6 months

2- no Tx

65
Q
  • what is the TX for TTP- HUS?

- why is it helpful?

A
  • plasmaphresis

- because it will replace the ADAM13 which will break down the VWF . No platelet infuion is indicated.

66
Q

Charactristics of TTP and HUS?

A

-ART( Autoimmune Hemolysis)/ ( Renal insufficiency)/ ( Thrombocytopenia)

67
Q

-Etiologies of TTP and HUS?

A 
TTP= decrease level of Adam 13/ like Ticlopidine
HUS= E.colin0157H7
68
Q

PNH can transforms into two things.. What are those?

A
  • Aplastic Anemia

- AML

69
Q

What is the charactristic of myoglobine in urine?

Tx of Methemoglobinemia?

A

Brown blood

Methylene blue

70
Q

What kind of medications are associated with Methemoglobinemia?

A
  • Nitroglycerine
  • Amylnitrite
  • dapson
  • Nitroprusside
  • caine - drugs
71
Q

Leukemia Tx?

A
  • Idarubicin
  • Daunorubicin
  • Cytosin Arabinoside
  • also ATRA for AML M3
  • also Mthotroxate for ALL
72
Q

Charectristic of Myelodysplastic synd.?

A

Pelger Huet cells ( Neutrophils wit 2 lobes)

73
Q

Clinical manifestation of Myelodysplastic Syn.?

A
  • Pancytopenia
  • elevated MCV
  • low Retic
  • Macroovalocyte
74
Q

Tx of Myelodysplasia?

A
  • transfusion as needed
  • azacitadine
  • Decitabine
  • Lenalidomide
75
Q
  • Bone Osteolytic leision in:

- Bone osteoblastic leision in:

A
  • Bone Osteolytic leision in MM

- Bome Osteoblastic leisions in Prostate cancer metastasis

76
Q

What are the CML medications beside Imatinib?

A

Nilotinib/ Dasatinib

77
Q

Difference between dysphagia & Odynophagia?

Causes of Odynophagia?

A
  • Dysphagia= difficulty swallowing
  • Odynophagia= painfull swallowing
  • infections: CMV, HSV, Candida, HIV
78
Q

Diagnostic methods for esophageal pathologies and stomach pathologies?

A

Esophageal pathologies= Barium study
Stomach pathologies= Endoscopy
Exceptions: cancer & Pre cancerouse leisions in Esophagus=> endoscopy n biopsy

79
Q

Difference between TIA and stroke?

A

TIA is less than 24 hours . It affects the face and causes aphasia. Stroke is more permenant. More than 24 hours and have seriouse consequences.

80
Q

When do we use Brain CT with conrast?

A

When there is infection or cancer

81
Q

First step when you suspeciouse of TIA?

A

Non-conrast CT to R/O hemorrhagic stroke.

82
Q

Approach to TIA?

A

First step is non contrast head CT . If it’s not hemorrhagic and it’s within 3 hours start throbmolytic, if it’s more than 3 hours and it’s not hemorrhagic start ASA. If the patient is already on ASA then switch to clopidogrel or add Dypiridamole. Start Statin for all non- hemorrhagic stroke patients.

83
Q

Contraindications of thrombolytic therapy?

A
  • HX of hemorrhagic stroke - trauma or injury within 6 months
  • intracranial mass - aortic dissection
  • active bleeding or surgery within 3 weeks - CPR within 3 weeks
  • bleeding disorder
  • stroke within 1 year

Usmle (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions