MT.6 LT.3

Question 1

What is thermal energy?

Answer 1

Sum of the kinetic and potential energy in an object

Question 2

Explain kinetic and potential energy

Answer 2

Kinetic energy is energy in motion, Potential energy is stored energy

Question 3

List the three principles of the kinetic molecular theory

Answer 3

1. All matter is made of small particles 2. Those particles are in constant random motion
2. This motion causes the particles to collide with each other and the container that they are in

Question 4

Describe what temperature is

Answer 4

Measure of average kinetic energy of particles in an object

Question 5

Explain the solid state of matter

Answer 5

A fixed volume and shape. Also has the lease amount of kinetic energy

Question 6

Explain the liquid state of matter

Answer 6

Fixed volume but shape changes based on container it is in. In the middle of amount of kinetic energy

Question 7

Explain the gas state of matter

Answer 7

No fixed volume or shape. The particles will spread everywhere. The most amount of kinetic energy

Question 8

Describe the plasma state of matter and examples

Answer 8

Matter composed of positively and negatively charged particles with really high kinetic energy. -Most common in world, makes up stars, neon lights, and auroras

Question 9

Describe Bose-Einstein condensates

Answer 9

Atoms that are super-cooled to such a low temperature (almost absolute zero) they will form a “super atom”

Question 10

What does the Bose-Einstein condensates do?

Answer 10

Will slow down light that passes through and used to simulate conditions in a black hole

Question 11

What’s the definition of changing states

Answer 11

When particles gain or loose thermal energy, they can undergo state change

Question 12

Give a explanation of heat of fusion

Answer 12

The amount of energy needed to turn a solid into a liquid at its melting point

Question 13

Give a description of heat of vaporization

Answer 13

Amount of energy needed to ruin a liquid into a gas at its boiling point

Question 14

What is vaporization?

Answer 14

The phase/state transition from liquid to gas

Question 15

What is vaporization?

Answer 15

Caused by pressure change, occurs only at the surface of a liquid

Question 16

What is boiling?

Answer 16

Caused by a temp change, occurs throughout the liquid

Question 17

Describe a heating curve

Answer 17

Diagram that shows the state transitions a substance goes through as heat/energy is