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ENGL 306A > MT1 - phonology > Flashcards

MT1 - phonology Flashcards

1
Q

obstruent

A

stops, fricatives, affricates

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2
Q

sonorants

A

nasals, liquids, glides

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3
Q

place of articulation

A

movable articulator moved towards stable one

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4
Q

vowel diagram labels

A

high = close
front back
low = open

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5
Q

diphthongs (definition + types)

A

doubled vowels that move from one articulation to another. rising or centring

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6
Q

rising diphthongs

A

move towards higher vowel (ei, ai, ci)

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7
Q

centring diphthongs

A

move towards [backwards e] (e I* Uwith horns*)

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8
Q

phonology

A

sound classification based on DISTINCTIVE FEATURES, the study of systems/patterns of speech sounds

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9
Q

phoneme

A

what counts as a single distinctive sound in the language

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10
Q

distinctive features

A

different languages make different distinctive features CONTRASTIVE

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11
Q

allophone

A

the versions of a phoneme allowed by a language

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12
Q

free variation

A

allophones of a phoneme are randomly distributed

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13
Q

complementary distribution

A

vary according to a scheme/rule

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14
Q

Canadian raising

A

first vowel is raised to a mid vowel when it precedes a voiceless obstruent

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15
Q

syllable

A

combo of phonemes, centred on vowel sounds, liquids, or nasals

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16
Q

syllable diagram

A

DIAGRAM (syllable, onset, rime, nucleus, coda)

sonority increasing decreasing

17
Q

phonological processes (5)

A

elision, epenthesis, assimilation, palatalization, vowel reduction

18
Q

elision (deletion)

A

the - of a phoneme, ex. dunno

19
Q

epenthesis

A

the + of a phoneme, ex. warm(p)th

20
Q

assimilation

A

the tendency of a phoneme to acquire a feature of its neighbours, ex. cats dogs

21
Q

palatalization

A

consonants followed by the glide /j/ are palatalized, ex. didja

22
Q

vowel reduction

A

unstressed vowels reduced to a [mirrored e]

23
Q

phonological rules (formula)

A

A -> B / X __ Y

24
Q

Grimm’s law (PIE)

A

SEE DIAGRAM

ENGL 306A (5 decks)

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