MT open qs 3 Flashcards
True of False?
Perosis is for Mg deficiencies
True
What does brucella cause in bones in swine?
Rarefaction + ossification
Pic of the enlarged vulva of a piglet. What could cause this?
F2 toxicosis
What is osteoporosis?
A medical condition in which the bones become brittle and fragile from loss of tissue, typically as a result of hormonal changes, or deficiency of calcium or vitamin D.
What is amyelia?
Congenital absence of the spinal cord
What does fibrosis stand for?
Irreversible regressive change
Which one causes haemorrhages in the urinary bladder:
a) distemper
b) swine fever
c) ethylene glycol toxicosis
d) none of the above
?
Pic of fibrous pnemounia: which stain is used?
Weigert
What is poliomyelitis?
Inflammation of the grey matter of the spinal cord
Which one cause embryonic malformation during embryonic phase?
BVD, brucellosis, listeria, all of the above
All of the above.
Which bacteria can lead to meningitis (in eq)
Actinomyces, Klebsiella, and Streptococcus species are sporadic causes of meningitis in horses.
Osteodystrophea fibrosa frequesntly occurs in which bone?
Frequently in facial bones
What is Oregon disease?
Green muscle disease of chicken and turkey
Which of the following leads to osteopetrosis in birds?
a. Retrovirus
b. Manganese deficiency
c. Manganese toxicity
d. Hypoparathyroidism
a. Retrovirus
Coronavirus targets dogs of what age?
< 3 months
Specific disease caused by coronavirus in cats?
Feline infectious peritonitis
Enterotoxaemic E coli causes?
Edema disease of swine
EPEC causes what?
Coli septicaemia and effacing
Which E. coli adheres to mucosa?
Enteropathogenic (EPEC)
Pigs with ETEC have what symptoms?
Post weaning diarrhea - (usually thin yellowish diarrhea, exciccation & emaciation)
Enterotoxigenic E coli causes?
Consequence of this?
Enterosorption
Consequence can be neonatal diarrhea
The heat stable enterotoxin in pigs has what action?
STa –> incr. cGMP - inhibits absorption
Enterotoxigenic E coli produces what enterotoxin in calves?
Heat labile (LT) –> incr. cAMP - promotes secretions
List the 4 types of E. coli
Entero-toxigenic, -pathogenic, -toxaemic, & invasive
What occurs in the kidney of cattle due to adenovirus?
- Virus multiplication in tubular epithelium
- Necrosis - detachment of epithelium
- Proteinuria
- Focal interstitial nephritis
What can occur in the lung of cattle due to adenovirus ?
- Intralobular interstital pneumonia
- Necrotizing microbronchitis
- Obturation of bronchi
- Lobular atalectasy
- 2ry bonchoaveolar pneumonia
Specific disease caused by adenovirus in cattle?
Bovine adenoviral pneumoenteritis
Adenovirus in cattle targets what age?
4 weeks to 4 month
Adenovirus infection of cattle begins in which organ ?
Pharyngeal lymph nodes
Rotavirus targets cattle of which age?
< 3 weeks
Clinical sings of rotavirus in cattle?
Fluid filled bowel loops, watery yellow diarrhea
Rotavirus targets swine of what age?
< 10 days
Which is not a cause of gastritis?
a. Erosion
b. Ileus
c. Trauma
d. Parasites/bacteria
a. Erosion
Amount of area affected by parasitic gastritis?
Focal
Type of gastritis caused by parasites or allergies?
Eosinophilic
Tuberculosis causes what type of gastritis?
granulomatous
Which type of gastritis is caused by fungi?
mycotic gastritis (abomasitis)
Which is not affected by Vit A?
a. Vision
b. Steroid synthesis
c. Calcification
d. Development of epithelium
c. Calcification
What is the main cause of xeropthalmia?
Vit A deficiency
Which is not a cause of stenosis in the esophagus?
a. Constriction (?)
b. Obturation
c. Spasms of muscles
d. Dilation
d. Dilation
Most common lesion in sheep due to stachybotryotoxicosis?
loss of wool
What is not a common lesion in Eq in case of stachybotryotoxicosis?
a. Necrotic dermatitis nose + lips
b. bleeding of intestines
c. Necrotic stomatitis oral cavity
d. Liver dystrophy
b. bleeding of intestines
Main source of infection of stachybotryotoxiccosis?
contamination of hay & straw in wet/humid conditions
What does the Ncp strain of BVD cause?
immunotolerance, seropositivity
What does the cp strain of BVD cause?
diarrhea, respiratory signs, abortion, developmental anomalies, immunosuppression (2ry infections)
What does atresia mean?
not fully developed lumen of hollow organ / failure of opening of the tubules/ductules
What does Fusobacterium necrophorum cause?
oral necrobacillosis
2 types of fibrinous gastritis?
Croupous and diphteric
What does Clostridium septicum cause?
Acute gastritis, malignant edema
Which species is affected by Bradsot?
sheep, wild small ruminants
Symptoms of Koves disease?
necrosis, edema, emphysema
Symptoms of chronic superficial gastritis?
mild lymphoplasmocytic infiltration (follicular gastritis)
Symptoms of chronic hypertrophic gastritis?
deep sulci, edema, thickened mm, cystic dilation of gl.
Swine fever symptoms are an example of?
Haemorrhagic gastritis
What is not a common lesion in Eq in case of stachybotryotoxicosis?
a. Necrotic dermatitis nose + lips
b. Bleeding of intestines
c. Necrotic stomatitis oral cavity
d. Liver dystrophy
b. Bleeding of intestines (in calves not eq)
Which is not a cause of stenosis in the esophagus?
a. Constriction
b. Obturation
c. Spasms of muscles
d. Dilation
d. Dilation
Which is not a consequence of lesions of continuity in forestomaches?
a. Peritonitis
b. Edema
c. Metastatic abscesses
d. Pericarditis
b. Edema
a) Age of lesions if there is granulation tissue?
b) What characterizes a lesion of 5-7 days?
c) What characterizes a lesion of 4 weeks (28days)?
d) What characterizes a lesion of 6 weeks?
a) 2 weeks (10-14 days)
b) first collagen fibres
c) first appearance of elastic fibres
d) 2-3 cm of CT
What is the main cause of xeropthalmia?
Vit A deficiency
Which is not affected by Vit. A?
a. Vision
b. Steroid synthesis
c. Calcification
d. Development of epithelium
c. Calcification
What are the pathological changes to the skin due to Vit A deficiency?
Hyper/parakeratosis, hair follicle degeneration
Another term for primary tympany of rumen?
Frothy bloat
Which is not a common PM finding after primary tympany?
a. Hypertrophy
b. Black line in esophagus
c. Dark, poorly clotted blood
d. Hemorrhages
a. Hypertrophy
Another term for secondary tympany, and what is the main cause of it?
Free gas bloat – physical or functional defect in eructation
What is affected in anteroventral perforation?
Diaphragm and pericardia
What causes ventral perforation?
Abscesses at xiphoid (Acute local fibrinous peritonitis?)
Which of the following changes can develop in the bones of pigs during brucellosis?
Rarefying and ossification osteitis
In which direction does the vertebral column bend in case of scoliosis?
Lateral
In which of the following cases is there a decreased osteoid margin formation in the trabeculae of the bones?
Calcium deficiency
In which species and age group can spondylosis deformans cervicospinalis be observed?
Young horses
Which endocrine organ has a major role in the ossification process?
Parathyroid gland
Beside the muscular pathology, what other changes can be observed in the birds in case of Vit. E and selenium deficiency?
Exudative diathesis and encephalomalacia
Which of the following changes is characteristic for rickets?
Uncalcified cartilage and osteoid tissue in the growing zone
What is one inner criteria leading to the development of constitutional myopathy?
Anaerobic glycolysis
Arthrosis can be defined as?
Regressive changes in the joint cartilage
What type of cells are found in pustules?
Inflammatory cells – Neutrophils (less often eosinophils, could be a mix of the two)
Which processes are not fused in hare lip?
Failure of fusion of the frontal-nasal processes (cheiloschisis superior media)
Causative agent of bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD)?
Family Flaviviridae and genus pestivirus
Secondary lesions of FMD found where?
(From lectures: other gross lesions)
- vesicular dermatitis (interdigital cleft, coronary band, teats, vulva)
- myocarditis – zenkers disease (in young animals)
Definition of attrition?
Type of teeth wear caused by tooth to tooth contact – results in loss of tooth
Stachybotryotoxicosis lesions in horse?
In the horse specifically:
- Necrotic dermatitis on nares and lips
- Necrotic stomatitis (lips, tongue , buccal surface)
- Deep necrosis of tonsils
- Liver dystrophy
- Agranulocytosis
- Lymphocytopenia
- Hamorrhages (stomach brain)
Primary lesions of FMD are found where?
(from lectures: gross lesions)
- Small clear fluid filled vesicles – lips, buccal mucosa, tongue, nasal mucosa, oesophagus, conjunctivitis (rumen)
- Enlarge - create bullae and ulcerate – irregular red patches, denuded submucosa erosions (ulcers)
