MT Flashcards
[Ca2+]
Acidemia: ⬆unbound ️Ca in blood➡️hypercalcemia
Parathyroid: PTH
LOW Ca2+: PTH+PTH-R osteoblast➡️❇️cytokines & ⬇️ob act ➡️✳️osteoclast act: HCl secr
❇️[Ca2+] mobilization
- Kidney: Ca reabs
- ❇️Calcitriol
- Bone
⬆️PO4 + HCO3 excretion=⬇️precipitate
Thyroid gl: C-cells/parafollicular cells
HIGH Ca2+➡️ Calcitonin
Bone & Kidney: ✳️Ca2+ storage
Stomach: ⛔️gastrin:⬇️HCl = ⬆️bound Ca2+
⬆️PO4 excretion
⚡️UV: Calcitriol
VD3 Liver➡️kidney
❇️GI abs Ca2+
- Ca2+ CH
- ⬆️Ca-ATPase
- Calbindin: bound Ca
Hypothalamus: TRH
❇️pitu gl: TSH rel➡️✳NIS pump thyroid gl: T3&T4⏩⛔️fb loop
~0.04% T4 free
2nmol/L T3 (more “free”, less total)
Hyperthroidism (cats)
Tx: methimazole ⛔️iodination coupling
⛔️Thyroperoxidase (TPO)
Hypothalamus: CRH
❇️Pitu gl: ACTH➡️✳️adrenal gl:
ZF & ZR➡️
1. CORTISOL/GCC & Androgens
2. ✳️Tyro Hydroxylase➡️✳️Tyro➡️Dopa
Liver: Angiotensinogen
[kidney: Renin]✳️Ang I ➡️[lungs:ACE]✳️Ang II ➡️
- ZA: ALDO
- AT1-R (GPCR): ✳️PLC/DAG&IP3…
⬇️V/P:⬆️SNS➡️✳️JG cells: Renin
Hypothalamus: GHRH
Pitu gl: GH➡️✳️liver: IGF-1=Somatomedin C ➡ ️bone growth
GCC
⬆️urine/feces
⬆️gastric acid & pancreas secr
✳️VC
⛔️CD4 imune system & inflam
Cortisol➡️✳️PMNT: NE➡️E
Addisons disease
Chronic cortisol def
Also ⬇️GCC & ⬇️MCC
Dx: exogen ACTH stim test➡️⛔️resp
Tx: dexamethasone, pred, hydrocortisone, mitotane tabs
Cushings syndrome
Any cause ⬆️ACTH or ⬆️GCC
hyperadrenocorticism:
PDH- 80% cushings dz, ⛔️fb loop
ADH- 20% cush synd ⏫GCC
Dx: low dex test➡️ ⛔️resp= ADH
⬇️cortisol= PDH
Tx: triolstane ⛔️GCC syn
SOP & PV (mangocellular neurons): ADH/AVP syn➡️ p.pitu
Fn:
AQP2: H2O reabs➡️ osm homeostasis
Vol ➰ Na
P
Regulated: osmR, baroR, Ang
OsmR (SFO&OVLT) threshold «_space;Posm
⬇️osm(dilute):⬇️ADH
⬇️BP/Vol
⬇️baroR aff act:⬆️SNS⬇️PSNS: ⬆️Ang➡️
- ✳️ADH + ALDO rel
- ⏫SFO+OVLT osm sensitivity
ALDO
Fn: V ➰ Na , P, [K+] secr, [H+] secr
✳️DCo & DT+CD: ENaC + NaK pump ➡️metab ALK
MCC~GCC
