MSS 1 & 2 Flashcards by PATRICIA PAULINE PERALTA

Define joints

connects 2 or mow bones. It has rich Nerve supply.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

state the 3 classifications of joints.

Fibrous joint
cartilaginous joint
Synovial joint

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the 2 types of Fibrous joint?

Syndesmosis

Gomphosis ( dento- alveolar Syndesmosis)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

These connects bones using fibrous tissue

Fibrous joint

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Type of fibrous bone that connect bones by a sheet oftissue either a ligament or fibrous membrane

Syndesmosis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Joint with peg-like process (tooth).

located between the root of the tooth and the alveolar process of the jaw.

Gomphosis/ (dento-alveolar syndesmosis)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

This joint is united by hyaline cartilage and fibrocartilage.

Cartilaginous joint

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

2 types of Cartilaginous joint

Primary Cartilaginous joint/ synchondroses - United by hyaline cartilage. Found in the epiphyseal plat of long bones.

Secondary cartilaginous joint/ symphyses - United by fribocartilages. Found in vertebral disc.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What part of the body is symphesis joint located.

Intervertebral disc

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What part of the body is synchondroses located?

Epiphyseal plate of the long bones.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Most Common type of joint.

Joint of locomotion - allows free movement

Synovial joint

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Define joint cavity

Space between the articulating bones

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Define synovial fluid

Viscous and slippery fluid found inside the joint cavity.
Serves to nourish articular cartilage.
Serves as a lubricant.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Components of synovial joint

Joint cavity
Synovial fluid
Meniscus
Accessory ligaments and tendons

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Meniscus

Fibrocartilaginous articular disc which forms a gap
between articulating bones, helping in shock absorption
and force distribution

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Role of accessory ligaments and tendons

Support the area of articulation.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

2 types of accessory ligaments and tendons

Extrinsic - separate

Intrinsic - thickening of the joint capsule

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Enumerate the types of synovial joint

Ball and socket (spheroidal)
Hinge (Ginglymus)
Saddle (sellar)
Condylloid (Ellipsoidal)
Pivot (trochoid)
Plane (gliding)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Identify the type of axis of each synovial joint

Ball and socket - multiraxial
Hinge, plane, pivot - uniaxial
Saddle, condyloid - biaxial

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Planar movement of Hinge joint

Sagittal plane in the transverse axis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Planar movement of Saddle joint.

Sagittal and frontal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Planar movement of pivot joint.

Central axis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Permitted movement of Saddle joint.

Flexion-extension
Abduction - adduction
Circumduction - lesser

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Radiocarpal joint of the wrist

Condyloid

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

1st carpometacarpal (base of the thumb)

Saddle

Hip joint

Ball and socket

Elbow

Hinge

Intercarpal joint

Plane

Metacarpophalangeal joint

Condyloid

Intermetacarpal joint

Plane

metacarpophalangeal joint 2 - 5

Condyloid

Carpometacarpal joint 2 - 5

Plane

Shoulder joint

Ball and socket

Sternoclavicular joint

Saddle

Tarsal joint

Plane

C1 & C2 vertebrae of the neck

Pivot

Knee

Hinge

Temporomandibular joint

Condyloid

Interphalangeal joint

Hinge

Tibiofibukar joint

Plane

Scapula and clavicle joints

Plane

Acromioclavicular joint

Plane

The body consists of about _____ muscles

600

Study of muscles

Myology

Attachment site of the muscle and does NOT move.

Origin

Attachment site of the muscle that MOVES

Insertion

The muscle "to supply nerves to"

Innervation

Movement of the muscle

Action

Part of the muscle where u cut during dissection

Belly

Part of the muscle attached to the bone.

Tendon

Types of muscles

Skeletal striated Cardiac striated Smooth

Characteristics of skeletal muscle

Voluntary, somatic, striated, & nucleus in periphery.

Characteristics of smooth muscle

Involuntary, visceral, smooth, unstriated , with central nucleus (fusiform or spindle shaped)

Shape of skeletal muscle - fibers are parallel to each other.

Flat

Muscle shape: Spindle shaped and has thick bellies

Fusiform

Muscle shape: - widespread expansion - fascicles come to a single, common attachment point.

Convergent

Define quadrate

4 sides

Where does circular shape muscle found?

Body orifice

Muscle shape that has more than one head

Multi headed

Muscle shape that has a distinct oblique or slant fascicle.

Pennate

Classify the type of muscle shape: Sartorius

Flat

Classify the type of muscle shape: Extensor digitorum longus

Unipennate

Classify the type of muscle shape: Triceps brachii

Multi headed

Classify the type of muscle shape: Orbicularis oris

Sphincter

Classify the type of muscle shape: Orbicularis occuli

Sphincter

Classify the type of muscle shape: Biceps brachii

Fusiform

Classify the type of muscle shape: Deltoid

Multi-pennate

Classify the type of muscle shape: Rectus femoris

Bipennate

Classify the type of muscle shape: Rectus abdominis

Quadrate

Classify the type of muscle shape: Pectoralis Major

Convergent

Muscle group that does most of the work. Contracts concentrically.

Prime mover

Muscle group that does the opposite to the prime mover.

Antagonist

Muscle group that aids the prime mover

Synergist

Muscle group that serves as the stabiliser of one part of the body during movement of another part.

Fixatir

Prime mover during elbow flexion

Brachialis

Antagonist during elbow flexion

Triceps (extends to accommodate elbow flexion.

Fixator during elbow flexion

Shoulder and scapula

Synergist during elbow flexion

Biceps brachii

Divides the body from left to right equally

Median sagittal

Divides the body from left to right unequally

Sagittal plane

Divides the body from anterior and posterior

Frontal/coronal

Divides the body from superior and inferior

Transverse plane

Component of a bone that is seen in the shaft. Provides strength for weight bearing.

Compact bone

Component of a bone that is found near the trabeculae. Resist stress and strains. Usually seen in short bones.

Spongy

Bone type known for its rigidity

Long bone

Bones that are cuboidal in shape

Short bones

Type of bone that serves as a protection to vital organs,.

Flat

Bone type that is wrapped around a tendon or ligaments.

Sesamoid

Bone shape of ribcage and cranium

Flat

Bone shape of carpals

Short bones

Classify the shape of humerus and femur

Long bones

Classify the shape of kneecap and fabella

Sesamoid

Bone shape with various shapes. Give example.

Irregular bone. Facial bone.

Ridge of the bone

Crest

Differentiate capitulum from a head.

Head - large smooth round articular end | Capitulum - small round articular head

Differentiate trochanter, tuberosity, tubercle

Trochanter - large blunt elevation Tubercle - small raised eminence Tuberosity - large rounded elevation

Hollow or depressed area

Fossa

Elongated depression

Groove

Condyle vs epicondyle

Condyle - knuckle like articular area | Epicondyle - adjacent to condyle

Smooth Flat area where bones join

Facet

Foramen

Passageway through the bone

Notch

Indentation at the edge of the bone

Thorn like protruberance in the bone. Ex: scapula

Spine

Protuberance example

External occipital protruberance