Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CPA > MSK System > Flashcards

MSK System Flashcards

1
Q

What does wasting of the muscle suggest?

A

due to:

- disuse, due to chronic pain movement (arthritis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does muscle atrophy suggest?

A

Lower Motor Nuerones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the term for ‘knock knees’?

A
  • valgus

- valgum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the term for ‘bow-legged’?

A
  • varus

- varum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How do assess for the temperature?

A
  • use the back of your hands
  • above, on, and below the patellar
  • comparing both legs at the same time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does warm knees suggest?

A

Inflammatory conditions

  • osteoarthritis
  • septic arthritis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the impact of septic arthritis?

A

irreparable damage to the joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where do you palpate when assessing the knee?

A
  • around the patella

- medial and lateral joint lines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where should you palpate in order to assess for meniscal damage?

A
  • tibial tuberosity and the head of the fibula

- popliteal fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does swelling in the popliteal fossa?

A

Baker’s Cyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is an effusion?

A

excess of synovial fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What can cause an effusion?

A
  • arthritis

- damage to the internal structures of the knee (eg meniscus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where does the synovial capsule of the knee extend to?

A

deep into the quadriceps muscles

supratellar pouch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the tap method?

A
  • ensure the knee is extended
  • slide hand down the thigh to empty the suprapatellar pouch
  • press over the patella
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What will you feel in an effusion with the tap method?

A

feel a tap as the patella hits the femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When do you use the tap method?

A

moderate to severe effusions

17
Q

When do you use the sweep method?

A

small effusions

18
Q

What the sweep method?

A
  • ensure the knee is extended
  • sweep upward on the medial side to empty the medial compartment
  • sweep downward on lateral side to empty the lateral compartment
19
Q

What will you see if an effusion is present with the sweep method?

A

a ripple or bulge of fluid on the medial side of the knee from the lateral compartment

20
Q

What muscles are involved in knee flexion?

A

Hamstring muscles:

  • biceps femoris
  • semitendinosis
  • semimembranosus and gracilis
21
Q

What muscles are involved in knee extension?

A

Quadriceps muscles:

  • Vastus medius
  • Vastus lateralis
  • Vastus intermedius
  • Rectus femoris
22
Q

What is the result of the damage to the muscles involved in knee extension?

A

inability to straight leg raise

23
Q

How do you assess the active movement of the knee?

A
  • ask patient to flex and extend

- assess for pain and ROM

24
Q

What does pain on active movement suggest?

A

damage to the structures, fracture of the meniscus

25
Q

What does reduced ROM on active movement suggest?

A

arthritis

26
Q

How do you assess the extensor compartment?

A
  • lifting the foot with the patients leg relaxed
  • look for hyperextension
  • up to 10 degrees of hypertension is normal
27
Q

How do you perform the anterior draw for the ACL?

A
  • knee at 90 degrees
  • ensure that the hamstring is relaxed and look for posterior sag
  • hands behind the upper tibia and both thumbs over the tibial tuberosity
  • pull the tibia anteriorly
28
Q

What can cause a false-positive anterior drawer sign?

A

posterior sag, can be mistaked for ACL laxity

29
Q

What movement during the ACL drawer test suggests a rupture?

A

> 1.5cm, suggests a:

  • ACL pathology
  • often associated with a medial ligament injury
30
Q

What do medial and collateral ligaments do?

A

the resist valgus and valrus stresses

31
Q

How do you assess the integrity of the Lateral Collateral Ligament?

A
  • 30 degrees leg flexion
  • place hand on the medial aspect of the lower thigh
  • place hand on the lateral aspect of the upper calf with fingers over the lateral joint line
  • apply valgus (inward) stress
32
Q

How do you assess the integrity of the Medial Collateral Ligament?

A

30 degrees leg flexion

  • place hand on the lateral aspect of the lower thigh
  • place hand on the medial aspect of the upper calf with fingers over the lateral joint line
  • apply varus (outward) stress

CPA (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions