MSK Revision

Question 1

what is a back SPRAIN?

Answer 1

injury involving only ligamentous tissue, or the attachment of ligament to bone, without dislocation or fracture.
occurs with excessively strong contractions related to VC movements e.g. excessive extension or rotation.

Question 2

what is a back STRAIN?

Answer 2

some degree of stretching or microscopic tearing of muscle fibres due to overly strong muscular contraction.
muscles often those producing movements of lumbar IV joints, especially the erector spine.

Question 3

what is a muscle spasm?

Answer 3

a sudden involuntary contraction of 1 or more muscle groups.

attended by cramps, pain, and interference with function

Question 4

what is a muscle spasm?

Answer 4

a sudden involuntary contraction of 1 or more muscle groups.

attended by cramps, pain, and interference with function

Question 5

why are adolescents at risk of osteochondrosis?

Answer 5

combined stress on epiphyseal plates not yet fused, resulting from physical activity and rapid growth of the bone which grows faster than the attached muscle in growth spurts, causing irritation and injury of the epiphyseal plates and developing bone.

Question 6

why are adolescents at risk of osteochondrosis?

Answer 6

combined stress on epiphyseal plates not yet fused, resulting from physical activity and rapid growth of the bone which grows faster than the attached muscle in growth spurts, causing irritation and injury of the epiphyseal plates and developing bone.

Question 7

where do avulsion fractures of hip bone occur?

Answer 7

where muscles are attached: ASIS, AIIS. ischial tuberosities and ischiopubic rami

Question 8

where do avulsion fractures of hip bone occur?

Answer 8

where muscles are attached: ASIS, AIIS. ischial tuberosities and ischiopubic rami

Question 9

what is coxa vara?

Answer 9

decreased angle of inclination between the long axis of the femoral neck and the femoral shaft
causes a mild shortening of lower limb and limits passive abduction of hip

Question 10

what is coxa valga?

Answer 10

increased angle of inclincation between the long axis of the femoral neck and the femoral shaft.

Question 11

what is coxa valga?

Answer 11

increased angle of inclincation between the long axis of the femoral neck and the femoral shaft.

Question 12

most frequent site of fracture of the tibia?

Answer 12

junction of middle 1/3 and inferior 1/3 where narrowest

Question 13

most frequent site of fracture of the tibia?

Answer 13

junction of middle 1/3 and inferior 1/3 where narrowest

Question 14

what is the location of the nutrient foramen?

Answer 14

middle 1/3 of the fibula

Question 15

what is the location of the nutrient foramen?

Answer 15

middle 1/3 of the fibula

Question 16

why is a calcaneal fracture usually disabling?

Answer 16

disrupts the subtalar (talocalcaneal) joint

Question 17

why is a calcaneal fracture usually disabling?

Answer 17

disrupts the subtalar (talocalcaneal) joint

Question 18

when do fractures of the talar neck occur?

Answer 18

during severe dorsiflexion of ankle

Question 19

when do fractures of the talar neck occur?

Answer 19

during severe dorsiflexion of ankle

Question 20

joints at which inversion and eversion occur?

Answer 20

subtalar (talocalcaneal)

talo-calcaneo-navicular

Question 21

joints at which inversion and eversion occur?

Answer 21

subtalar (talocalcaneal)

talo-calcaneo-navicular

Question 22

when might a psoas abscess occur?

Answer 22

TB of the VC
regional enteritis of the ileum in Crohn’s disease
diverticulitis?

Question 23

when might a psoas abscess occur?

Answer 23

TB of the VC
regional enteritis of the ileum in Crohn’s disease
diverticulitis?

Question 24

what muscle of the thigh is often removed and used to replace damaged muscles e.g. in the hand?

Answer 24

gracilis
as relatively weak member of the adductors

can also be used to replace a non-functional external anal sphincter*

Question 25

what muscle of the thigh is often removed and used to replace damaged muscles e.g. in the hand?

Answer 25

gracilis
as relatively weak member of the adductors

can also be used to replace a non-functional external anal sphincter*

Question 26

what is the cruciate anastamosis?

Answer 26

4 way common meeting of medial and lateral cirucmflex femoral arteries (from profunda femoris), with the inferior gluteal artery (from internal iliac) superiorly, and the 1st perforating artery inferiorly posterior to the femur.

Question 27

what is the cruciate anastamosis?

Answer 27

4 way common meeting of medial and lateral cirucmflex femoral arteries (from profunda femoris), with the inferior gluteal artery (from internal iliac) superiorly, and the 1st perforating artery inferiorly posterior to the femur.

Question 28

where is pain felt with trochanteric bursitis?

Answer 28

deep diffuse pain in lateral thigh region