MSK Revision Flashcards
what is a back SPRAIN?
injury involving only ligamentous tissue, or the attachment of ligament to bone, without dislocation or fracture.
occurs with excessively strong contractions related to VC movements e.g. excessive extension or rotation.
what is a back STRAIN?
some degree of stretching or microscopic tearing of muscle fibres due to overly strong muscular contraction.
muscles often those producing movements of lumbar IV joints, especially the erector spine.
what is a muscle spasm?
a sudden involuntary contraction of 1 or more muscle groups.
attended by cramps, pain, and interference with function
what is a muscle spasm?
a sudden involuntary contraction of 1 or more muscle groups.
attended by cramps, pain, and interference with function
why are adolescents at risk of osteochondrosis?
combined stress on epiphyseal plates not yet fused, resulting from physical activity and rapid growth of the bone which grows faster than the attached muscle in growth spurts, causing irritation and injury of the epiphyseal plates and developing bone.
why are adolescents at risk of osteochondrosis?
combined stress on epiphyseal plates not yet fused, resulting from physical activity and rapid growth of the bone which grows faster than the attached muscle in growth spurts, causing irritation and injury of the epiphyseal plates and developing bone.
where do avulsion fractures of hip bone occur?
where muscles are attached: ASIS, AIIS. ischial tuberosities and ischiopubic rami
where do avulsion fractures of hip bone occur?
where muscles are attached: ASIS, AIIS. ischial tuberosities and ischiopubic rami
what is coxa vara?
decreased angle of inclination between the long axis of the femoral neck and the femoral shaft
causes a mild shortening of lower limb and limits passive abduction of hip
what is coxa valga?
increased angle of inclincation between the long axis of the femoral neck and the femoral shaft.
what is coxa valga?
increased angle of inclincation between the long axis of the femoral neck and the femoral shaft.
most frequent site of fracture of the tibia?
junction of middle 1/3 and inferior 1/3 where narrowest
most frequent site of fracture of the tibia?
junction of middle 1/3 and inferior 1/3 where narrowest
what is the location of the nutrient foramen?
middle 1/3 of the fibula
what is the location of the nutrient foramen?
middle 1/3 of the fibula
why is a calcaneal fracture usually disabling?
disrupts the subtalar (talocalcaneal) joint
why is a calcaneal fracture usually disabling?
disrupts the subtalar (talocalcaneal) joint
when do fractures of the talar neck occur?
during severe dorsiflexion of ankle
when do fractures of the talar neck occur?
during severe dorsiflexion of ankle
joints at which inversion and eversion occur?
subtalar (talocalcaneal)
talo-calcaneo-navicular
joints at which inversion and eversion occur?
subtalar (talocalcaneal)
talo-calcaneo-navicular
when might a psoas abscess occur?
TB of the VC
regional enteritis of the ileum in Crohn’s disease
diverticulitis?
when might a psoas abscess occur?
TB of the VC
regional enteritis of the ileum in Crohn’s disease
diverticulitis?
what muscle of the thigh is often removed and used to replace damaged muscles e.g. in the hand?
gracilis
as relatively weak member of the adductors
can also be used to replace a non-functional external anal sphincter*
