MSK Peds Flashcards
In what position do you examine an infant for MSK?
Full undressed and lying on back.
What is the bone most frequently fractured during birth?
Clavicle
What is the normal curve of a newborn’s spine?
C-curve
How do you observe ROM in an infant?
Through spontaneous movement.
_____ is common throughout childhood -> marked with muscular dystrophy and rickets.
Lordosis
Shoulders should be level within _____ cm.
1 cm
How long is genu varum (bowlegged) normal?
For 1 year after child begins walking.
When do knock knees (genu valgum) usually occur?
Between 2 and 3.5 years. No treatment indicated.
T/F Flatfoot (pes planus) is common in infants and toddlers.
True. Flatfoot (pes planus): pronation, or turning in, of medial side of foot because normal longitudinal arch concealed by fat pad until age 3 years.
What causes pigeon toes and how is it treated?
Pigeon toes demonstrated when child tends to walk on lateral side of foot, and longitudinal arch looks higher than normal. Often starts as forefoot adduction, and usually corrects spontaneously by age 3 years.
How do you screen progressive subluxation of hip?
Check Trendelenburg’s sign to screen progressive subluxation of hip -> pelvis sags on the side opposite the affected side during single leg stance on the affected side.
When is subluxation of elbow (head of radius) most likely to occur and why?
Occurs most often between 2 and 4 years of age as a result of forceful removal of clothing or dangling while adults suspend child by hands.
Why is kyphosis (outward curvature of spine causing hunching) common during adolescence?
Chronic poor posture
How do you measure bone age?
Measured by radiographs of the left hand and wrist.
Why would you measure bone age?
Can be used to quantitatively determine somatic maturation and serves as a mirror that reflects the tempo of growth.
