GI Peds Flashcards
When does the primitive gut begin to form?
By week 4 the head, tail and lateral folds incorporate the dorsal part of the yolk sac into the embryo; this forms the primitive gut.
When does the GI system begin to develop?
3rd week of gestation.
When are pulsations common?
In thin children.
When is abdominal breathing common?
Children younger than 6-7 years of age.
How many occur with normal bowel sounds?
5-34/minute.
Loud bowel sounds.
Borborygmi
High pitched bowel sounds may indicate what?
Early peritonitis, gastritis.
What does the absence of bowel sounds indicate?
If >3 minutes, may indicate peritonitis or intestinal obstruction.
What would dullness to percussion indicate?
Mass, ascites, or stool, if there is not a specific organ in that area.
What is the normal sound of percussion of the abdomen?
Tympanic sound of free air.
How would you accomplish an abdominal exam on a ticklish child?
Allow them to “help” you by placing your hand over theirs and letting them palpate the abdomen with you.
What are 5 PE tricks to r/o acute abd?
- Have pt get on and off exam table without assistance.
- Have child walk standing straight up.
- Have pt cough.
- Have pt stand on tip toes and fall onto heels.
- Have pt jump up and down.
What test is most helpful when a wide variety of diagnoses are being considered?
CT
T/F CT is the gold standard for kidney/bladder stones.
False. Not reliable in visualizing stones in biliary tree. Misses 20-25%.
Imaging of choice for acute cholecystitis.
U/S
