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MSK: 4/6-4/8 > MSK- PATHOMA > Flashcards

MSK- PATHOMA Flashcards

1
Q

Why blue sclera in osteogenesis imperfecta ? what vein is associated with it?

A

choroidal veins

  • cornea = choroidal
    kinda soudns simillar
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2
Q

Why hearing loss happens in osteogenesis imperfecta?

A

ossicles (ear bone) is also composed of type 1 collagen

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3
Q

How to treat osteopetrosis? why?

A

bone marrow transplant

osteoclast is derived from monocyte, bone marrow transplant will replenish it

  • this makes sense: osteoclast is destructor, so does other monocytes derivatives (macrophages)
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4
Q

Location of osetomyelitis within bone: kid vs. adult?

A
  • kid: metaphysis
  • adult: epiphysis
  • kid: bone is still growing, metaphysis (growing plate) is exposed to bacteremia
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5
Q

osteoma

  • location?
  • associated with what GI disease?
A
  • facial bones

- Garnder syndrome (FAP +osteoma)

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6
Q

osteoid osteoma vs. osteoblastoma: key two differences?

A
  • osteoid osteoma responds well to aspirin, while osteoblastoma is not
  • osteoblastoma is larger in size
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7
Q

Describe growth pattern of osteochondroma. What part of bone is it originated from?

A

lateral projection in metaphysis

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8
Q

Which part of bone is osteosarcoma originated from?

A

metaphysis

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9
Q

OA vs. RA: name what structure is formed within synovial space in each case

A
  • OA: osteophyte

- RA: pannus

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10
Q

What is rheumatoid factor?

A

IgM antibody against Fc portion of IgG

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11
Q

Why RA is associated with amlyoidosis? what type of amlyoid?

A

RA -> inflammatory -> SAA (acute phase reactant)

-> AA amyloid

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12
Q

What two diets can cause acute gout? Explain why for each

A
  • alcohol: metabolites of alcohol competes excretion of uric acid
  • meat: more DNA, more uric acid generation by purine degradation
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13
Q

Embryological origin of Ewing sarcoma?

A

neuroectoderm

  • this is counter-intuitive as neuroectoderm is generally CNS derivatives.. but whatever
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14
Q

Rhabadomyosarcoma

  • what is characteristic cell?
  • what is marker?
  • classic location in young girls?
A
  • rhabadomyoblast
  • desmin is marker
  • vagina
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15
Q

What are two autoantibodies for Sjogren? They are targeting what protein?

A

SSA (Ro) and SSB (La)

BOTH are anti-ribonuceloprotein

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16
Q

Sjogren has increased risk for what cancer? how is it clinically presented?

A

MALToma (mucosal marginal zone lymphoma)

UNILATERAL enlargement of pterygland

17
Q

Explain why dysphagia is seen in CREST syndrome

A

smooth muscle atrophy (lower 1/3 of esophagus)

-> loss of LES tone -> acid reflux -> sclerosis

18
Q

Which vitamin can be given to treat acne? why?

A

vitamin A, which inhibits keratin synthesis

*Acne- vitaminA
Double As

19
Q

What physical exam sign is specific to psoriasis? How is this sign correlated with histologic finding in psoriasis?

A
  • Auspitz sign, bleeding after punch biopsy

- elongated dermal papillae (dermis houses blood vessels, there is no blood vessels in epidermis)

20
Q

Lichen Planus

  • What are four Ps?
  • histologic finding?
  • associated with what infection?
A
  • pruitic, purple papules, planar, polygonal
  • saw-tooth appearance (pathoma p. 202)
  • chronic HepC (high yield)
21
Q

oral mucosal involvement

: pemphigus vulgaris vs. bullous pemphigoid

A

pemphigus vulgaris involves oral mucosa, while bullous pemphigoid does not

22
Q

Gross appearance of dermatitis herpiformis

A

grouped vesicles

  • HERPIformis: looks like herpes, thus vesicles
23
Q

What cancer is associated with acanthosis nigrans?

A

gastric carcinoma

24
Q

Actinic keratosis is precursor for what skin cancer?

A

squamous cell carcinoma

25
Q

Pathophysiology of freckle: associated with increased number of what?

A

melanosome

  • melanin number is same
26
Q

Histologic finding of basal cell carcinoma?

A

peripheral pallisading nuceli within dermis

MSK: 4/6-4/8 (6 decks)

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