MSK lower extremity Flashcards
What are the primary bones of the lower extremity?
Femur, tibia, fibula, patella, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges.
What is the main function of the quadriceps muscle group?
To extend the knee.
True or False: The hip joint is a ball-and-socket joint.
True.
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the longest bone in the human body.
femur.
Which muscle originates from the anterior inferior iliac spine?
Rectus femoris.
What is the insertion point of the gastrocnemius muscle?
Calcaneus via the Achilles tendon.
Multiple choice: Which of the following muscles is responsible for hip flexion? A) Gluteus maximus B) Iliopsoas C) Hamstrings
B) Iliopsoas.
What action does the hamstring group primarily perform?
Knee flexion and hip extension.
True or False: The fibula bears significant weight in the lower leg.
False.
What is the primary action of the gluteus maximus?
Hip extension.
Which bony landmark is located at the distal end of the femur?
Medial and lateral condyles.
Fill in the blank: The _____ serves as the primary stabilizer of the knee joint.
ligaments.
What is the origin of the tibialis anterior muscle?
Lateral condyle of the tibia and interosseous membrane.
Multiple choice: Which muscle inserts on the greater trochanter of the femur? A) Gluteus medius B) Quadratus femoris C) Sartorius
A) Gluteus medius.
What is the primary action of the soleus muscle?
Plantarflexion of the foot.
True or False: The patella is a sesamoid bone.
True.
What is the insertion of the iliotibial band?
Lateral condyle of the tibia.
Which muscle group is known as the adductors?
Adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus.
Fill in the blank: The _____ nerve innervates the quadriceps muscle.
femoral.
What is the origin of the semitendinosus muscle?
Ischial tuberosity.
Multiple choice: Which muscle is NOT part of the rotator cuff? A) Supraspinatus B) Infraspinatus C) Rectus femoris
C) Rectus femoris.
What is the primary action of the peroneus longus?
Eversion of the foot.
True or False: The tibia is medial to the fibula.
True.
Which bony landmark is found on the anterior aspect of the pelvis?
Pubic symphysis.
What is the action of the sartorius muscle?
Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates the hip.
Fill in the blank: The _____ connects the tibia and fibula.
interosseous membrane.
What is the origin of the adductor magnus?
Ischial tuberosity and inferior ramus of the pubis.
Multiple choice: Which muscle is primarily responsible for inversion of the foot? A) Tibialis posterior B) Peroneus brevis C) Gastrocnemius
A) Tibialis posterior.
What is the primary action of the flexor digitorum longus?
Flexes the toes.
True or False: The hip flexors include the iliopsoas and rectus femoris.
True.
What is the insertion of the pectineus muscle?
Pectineal line of the femur.
Which bony landmark serves as the site for muscle attachment on the ischium?
Ischial tuberosity.
Fill in the blank: The _____ ligament stabilizes the hip joint.
iliofemoral.
What is the action of the extensor digitorum longus?
Extends the toes and dorsiflexes the foot.
Multiple choice: Which muscle is a primary knee flexor? A) Biceps femoris B) Vastus lateralis C) Gluteus medius
A) Biceps femoris.
What is the insertion point of the tibialis posterior muscle?
Navicular and medial cuneiform bones.
True or False: The gluteus minimus assists in hip abduction.
True.
What is the origin of the vastus lateralis?
Greater trochanter and linea aspera of the femur.
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg.
tibia.
What action does the popliteus muscle perform?
Unlocks the knee.
Multiple choice: Which structure is NOT part of the ankle joint? A) Talus B) Calcaneus C) Femur
C) Femur.
What is the origin of the gluteus medius?
Ilium between the anterior and posterior gluteal lines.
True or False: The pes anserinus is formed by the tendons of three muscles.
True.
What is the primary action of the flexor hallucis longus?
Flexes the big toe.
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the primary muscle responsible for dorsiflexion of the foot.
tibialis anterior.
What is the insertion of the gracilis muscle?
Superior part of the medial surface of the tibia.
Multiple choice: Which muscle is primarily responsible for hip adduction? A) Gluteus maximus B) Adductor longus C) Iliopsoas
B) Adductor longus.
What is the origin of the fibularis brevis?
Distal half of the fibula.
True or False: The medial malleolus is a bony landmark of the fibula.
False.
What is the primary action of the tibialis anterior muscle?
Dorsiflexion of the foot.
Fill in the blank: The _____ of the hip joint allows for a wide range of motion.
ball-and-socket structure.
