MSK Lower

Question 1

Rectus femoris

Answer 1

Femoral nerve
Extension of knee, flexion of hip
O: AIIS
I: Quadriceps tendon

Question 2

Vastus lateralis

Answer 2

Femoral nerve
Extension of knee
O: Linea aspera (posterior femoral shaft)
I: Quadriceps tendon

Question 3

Vastus medialis

Answer 3

Femoral nerve
Extension of knee
O: Linea aspera (posterior femoral shaft)
I: Quadriceps tendon

Question 4

Vastus intermedius

Answer 4

Femoral nerve
Extension of knee
O: Anterior femoral shaft
I: Quadriceps tendon

Question 5

Sartorius

Answer 5

Femoral nerve
Contributor: flex and laterally rotate hip and flexion of knee
O: ASIS
I: Medial proximal tibia

Question 6

Iliopsoas

Answer 6

Femoral nerve
Prime hip flexor
O: Iliac fossa
I: Lesser trochanter of femur

Question 7

Pectineus

Answer 7

Femoral nerve
Flexes and adducts hip
O: Superior pubic ramus
I: Femur (inferior to lesser trochanter)

Question 8

Adductor brevis

Answer 8

Obturator nerve
Adductor of hip
O: Pubic bone
I: Linea aspera

Question 9

Adductor longus

Answer 9

Obturator nerve
Adductor of hip
O: Pubic bone
I: Linea aspera

Question 10

Adductor magnus - adductor part

Answer 10

Obturator nerve
Adductor of hip
O: Inferior pubic ramus
I: Linea aspera

Question 11

Gracilis

Answer 11

Obturator nerve
Weak adductor and flexor of hip, weak flexor of knee
O: Pubic bone
I: Medial tibia

Question 12

Obturator externus

Answer 12

Obturator nerve
Stabilises, laterally rotates hip
O: External obturator membrane
I: Femur (near greater trochanter)

Question 13

Gluteus maximus

Answer 13

Inferior gluteal nerve
Extensor and lateral rotator of hip and stabiles knee joint
O: Posterior surface of ilium, sacrotuberous ligament and sacrum
I: Iliotibial tract, some onto the gluteal tuberosity

Question 14

Gluteus medius

Answer 14

Superior gluteal nerve Abduct and medially rotates hip O: Anterior part of posterior surface of ilium I: Greater trochanter

Question 15

Gluteus minimus

Answer 15

Superior gluteal nerve Abduct and medially rotates hip O: Anterior part of posterior surface of ilium I: Greater trochanter

Question 16

Tensor fascia latae

Answer 16

Superior gluteal nerve Stabilises extended knee and weak flexor of hip joint O: ASIS I: iliotibial band

Question 17

Piriformis

Answer 17

No nerve Stabilise and laterally roate hip O: anterior surface of sacrum I: greater trochanter

Question 18

The superior and inferior gemelli

Answer 18

No nerve Stabilise and laterally roate hip O: ischium I: greater trochanter

Question 19

Obturator internus

Answer 19

No nerve Stabilise and laterally roate hip O: obturator membrane I: greater trochanter

Question 20

Quadratus femoris

Answer 20

No nerve Stabilise and laterally roate hip O: ischium I: greater trochanter

Question 21

Semimembranosus

Answer 21

Tibial nerve Extend hip and flex knee O: ischial tuberosity I: medial aspect of proximal tibia

Question 22

Semitendinosus

Answer 22

Tibial nerve Extend hip and flex knee O: ischial tuberosity I: medial aspect of proximal tibia

Question 23

Biceps femoris (long head)

Answer 23

Tibial nerve Extend hip and flex knee O: ischial tuberosity I: head of fibula

Question 24

Biceps femoris (short head)

Answer 24

Common peroneal nerve Flexes knee O: linea aspera I: head of fibula

Question 25

Hamstring part of adductor magnus

Answer 25

Tibial nerve Extend hip O: ischial tuberosity I: adductor tubercle of femur

Question 26

Tibialis anterior

Answer 26

Deep peroneal nerve Dorsiflexes and inverts foot O: Tibia, fibula, interosseuous membrane I: Medial cuneiform

Question 27

Extensor hallucis longus (EHL)

Answer 27

Deep peroneal nerve Extends big toe and dorsiflexes foot at ankle O: Tibia, fibula, interosseuous membrane I: Distal phalanx of big toe

Question 28

Extensor digitorum longus (EDL)

Answer 28

Deep peroneal nerve 4 Tendons that extend toes 2-5 and dorsiflexes foot at ankle O: Tibia, fibula, interosseuous membrane I: Distal phalanges of toes 2-5

Question 29

Peroneus longus (fibularis longus)

Answer 29

Superifical peroneal nerve Evert foot at subtalar joint O: Fibula I: Plantar surface of medial cuneiform

Question 30

Peroneus brevis (fibularis brevis)

Answer 30

Superifical peroneal nerve Evert foot at subtalar joint O: Fibula I: Base of 5th metaarsal

Question 31

Gastrocnemius

Answer 31

Tibial nerve Plantarflexor of foot and knee flexion O: Two heads on distal femur I: Calcaneus via achilles tendon

Question 32

Soleus

Answer 32

Tibial nerve Plantarflexor of foot at ankle and flexes toes (also venous return) O: soleal line on tibia I: calcaneus via achilles tendon

Question 33

Plantaris

Answer 33

Tibial nerve Plantarflexor of foot at ankle and flexes toes (gives rise to long tendon) O: popliteal fossa I: calcaneus via achilles tendon

Question 34

Popliteus

Answer 34

Tibial nerve Small knee rotation, knee stabilisation O: femur I: tibia

Question 35

Tibialis posterior

Answer 35

Tibial nerve Plantarflexes and inverts foot and flexes toes O: tibia, fibula I: tendon attaches to many bones

Question 36

Flexor hallucis longus (FHL)

Answer 36

Tibial nerve Plantarflexes foot and flexes big toe O: fibula I: distal phalanx of big toe

Question 37

Flexor digitorum longus (FDL)

Answer 37

Tibial nerve 4 Tendons Plantarflexes foot and flexes toes O: tibia I: distal phalanges of toes 2-5